KIN 100 1st Edition Lecture 12Components of fitness○ Flexibility■ range of motion■ stretching exercises■ sit and reach tests● Benefits of physical activity■ increase lipid profile■ decreases risk of vascular disease■ decreases risk of type II diabetes● rising rates in country■ increase life outlook● happier● better self image■ decreases chances of osteoporosis■ decreases risk of cancer○ promoting walking for fitness■ 10,000 steps a day● Stages of Change○ programs for each stage■ 1. not ready for change● exercise is not for me■ 2. Thinking about change● more moldable■ 3. Preparing for action● more sensitive, making a plan■ 4. Taking action● getting into regular exercise■ 5. Maintaining activity● continuing physical lifestyle○ Hardest step from 3-4● Body Mass Index■ Weight (kg)/ Height (cm) squared● underweight= <18.5● normal= 18.5-25● overweight= 25-30● obese= >30■ not perfect scale, but works in general○ Obesity trendsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.■ 1985- first data collected on obesity- most states didn’t supply data■ obesity rates have gone up since then○ 2001 Surgeon general's Call to Action to Prevent and Decrease Overweight and obesity■ Daily PE for children in schools■ healthier food in school systems■ community facilities for physical exercise■ reduce TV time■ encourage breast feeding- study showed breastfed babies are less likely to be overweight■ change in perception:health not appearance■ educate healthcare providers■ fat not equal to not fit● Odds ratio○ similar to relative risk■ 1.00 -> average risk■ >1.00 increased risk■ 2.00 double average risk■ can be less than 1● low fitness individuals have greater risks for diseasesthan those with other health concerns - ie smoking■ Obesity prevalence○ white, non hispanic- 33%○ hispanic- 38%○ black- 44%● gender○ male- 32%○ female 36%● education○ <highschool- 27%○ highschool- 23%○ some college- 21%○ college degree- 16%■ Obesity factors○ behavior■ what you do and eat○ genetics○ environment■ food○ socioeconomic○ culture○ metabolism● most important- behavior and environment■ Calorie balance and obesity● ability to increase caloric intake has increased in modern society○ supersize meals● caloric expenditure has decreased○ occupational work○ many leisure activities no longer involve physical activity■ Health consequences of obesity● increase in BP● increase in diabetes, CHD, stroke, osteoarthritis● psychological disorders■ waist to hip ratio● abdominal fat is thought to be worse than hip fatrecommendations male- .9 female -.
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