UGC 111 1st Edition Lecture 10 Outline of Last Lecture I Hellenistic Age Outline of Current Lecture II Rome Current Lecture Rome Forum Arch of Titus Column of Trajan Pantheon Hadrian Baths of Caracella Circus Maximus Coliseum Republic society Plebs Patrician Struggle of the Orders government Senate Consuls Assembly Senatus Populusque Romanus Legacy of Rome Language Law ius civile ius gentium Justinian Law Code habeas corpus Empire government and archaeology Two classes o Patricians wealthy class held all but one position in government o Plebians lower class o Population of over 1 000 000 people Government three branches o Senate made up of aristocracy gave advice to govt concerning foreign relations foreign policy etc o Consuls 2 army commanders administrated state financial matters o Assembly made up of 2 parts bicameral upper part was aristocracy lower part was the people make laws elected magistrates Romulus Remus raised by a wolf Republic Augustus gained control of power o Kept old republican form of government but controlled power o Rise of the Roman Empire o Emperor one person with all power Based in agriculture admired order and efficiency very practical 27 BC Augustus took power Rome s power spread across the Mediterranean These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute Legacy of Rome o Language Latin o Empire government produced a period of 300 years of peace and prosperity when people were protected law order and tolerance How 47 provinces that reported to Rome once an area was under control by Rome they appointed a governor who cared about taxes public order and serious crimes everything else was left to the people This type of government was called federalism Exceptions Judea for religious reasons Jews rejected Roman rule o Law ius civile their idea of law law comes from the people Concerned individual rights under certain circumstances An individual would be seen in court before a judge and a jury to present his case ordinary situations and the judge would issue a ruling these rulings were collected and generated into the laws This meant laws were more flexible and fit the circumstances of daily life 130 AD ius gentium universal law for all citizens in the Roman Empire o By the 3rd century all people fell under this law and would be treated equally o By the 6th century the law was codified into volumes the Justinian Law Code basis of laws all over Europe today The burden of proof rests on the plaintiff today innocent until proven guilty No one should suffer for their beliefs today separation of church and state No one may be forcibly removed from their home without legal preceding today no law official has the right to put you in jail without justifying it legally Age and life experience of a person found guilty should be considered before sentencing today juvenile vs adult law court Roman Empire still exists many monuments still standing Aqueducts very important to Rome Forum civic center triangular space legal center of the city Arches built to commemorate events in Roman history o Arch of Titus shows a scene from 70 AD Roman soldiers returning from siege of Jerusalem with war spoils Column of Trajan over 200 figures showing 2 of his campaigns showed why Roman army was so successful Circus Maximus could hold 250 000 spectators made for chariot races Coliseum modern day amphitheater meant for gladiators Emperors commissioned monuments o Ex Forum of Trajan consisted of central aisle and two small aisles basis of most Christian churches today o Ex Public baths consisted of gardens race tracks libraries shops and bath prototype of a mall