UGC 111 1st Edition Lecture 6 Outline of Last Lecture I. JudaismII. Writings of JudaismOutline of Current LectureIII. GreeceCurrent LectureGreece:- Mythology – function of Greek myths:- Explanatory – Persephone and Demeter- Didactic – Atlas and Prometheus, Odysseus and Polyphemus- Example (prototype) – Herakles, Odysseus- Consolation – Abduction of Persephone o Myths used as examples for laws, punishments, justifications, etc.- 1200 BC – end of citadels, interim period – Dark Ages- 700 BC – Greek city-states have a Renaissance - Parthenon – 94 mythological scenes carved into it- Theater of Dionysus – Sophocles produced his plays here- Hesoid, Theogony (mythology)- In the beginning: Void + Earth + Eros (Sex)- Earth bore sky, mountains, sea- Earth + sky bore ocean, Chronos, Rhea, the Titans- The Titans, Theia, Hyperion bore sun, moon, stars, winds- Story of Rheia and Kronos – birth of Zeus on Crete- Battle of the Titans (first generation) vs Olympian (second generation) gods- Establishment of the new Olympian order: Zeus + Metis (meaning wisdom) bore Athena, Zeus + Themis (meaning proper natural order) bore the three seasons; Justice, Good Order and Peace. - Zeus, father of Apollo, Artemis, Hermes- Creation myths vary from Greece to near East →- Greek creation didn’t come from a person, it was through natural and organic development – sex generated all parts of the world - No mankind was mentioned in Greek creation myth- Olympics – every 4 years, all cities gathered to hold the Olympic games These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Story of the first Olympic games on the front of the temple (serves as a myth) – explains why they hold the Olympics every four years- Homer, The Iliad:- Homeric gods: strong, beautiful, immortal, but are they: Omnipotent, omnipresent, omniscient, ethical?- Do not have control over everything (not omnipotent), cannot be everywhere at once (not omnipresent), they do not know everything (not omniscient), they often act irrationally and based on their feelings (not ethical)- Mankind does not look up to the gods with admiration, not very connected with gods- Reaction to Homer’s gods was: Greek Philosophyo Xenophanes – skeptical of gods o Anaximander – thought the beginning of the world was in “the infinite” and believed we could base everything off of four elements (earth, wind, fire, air) o Pythagoras - Empirical – looking at evidence around you to solve something - Science based on empirical
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