UGC 111 1st Edition Lecture 9 Outline of Last Lecture I. Greek Science and Philosophy Outline of Current Lecture II. Hellenistic AgeCurrent LectureHellenistic Age:Alexander, d. 323Koine language (common language)Mystery religionsIsis, DemeterEumenes II Pergamum Stoics, Cynics, Europeans - Alexander the Great – lived in the time at the end of the classical period at the end of the 4th centuryo Set out and conquered all of Greece, set to take revenge on Persians for their invasion of the east o End of city-states o When he died, his conquests were taken over by his generals- Greeks were in power across eastern Mediterranean - End of city-states → start of large kingdoms o Tremendous wealth growing, large distribution at the top o Masses are poor, low standard of livingo Ethnic diversity beginningo More interest in outside subjects that were as popular such as old age - Pergamum – city on a hill, head of a Hellenistic kingdom o ~150,000 peopleo Modern day western Turkey o Royal citadel at the top, upper/lower agora, people live below and around it – built with royal moneyo Alter dedicated to Zeus, commissioned by a king - shows a battle of good vs evil around the sides of the building (royal propaganda) o Courtyard next to it with a temple dedicated to Athena, contains a stoaThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Great Library – library hall, banqueting hall, storage roomso Theater – built into the side of a hill, dramatic landscape o Architecture built as propaganda – please the peoples’ eye so that the king may keep his power - Science expanding, large libraries starting up (in Pergamum, Alexandria) - Mystery religions appearing – one based off a mystery, something that cannot be explained logically – usually requires initiation for new members o Seed from which Christianity was borno Ex. Isis – used magic to appeal to womeno Ex. Demeter – Goddess’s daughter, Persephone, kidnapped by Hades and taken to the underworld until Zeus made a bargain saying Demeter would spend 3 months out of the year in the underworld with her husband and 9 months in the real world – 3 months of the year, crops didn’t grow Demeter always shown as a grieving mother because she lost her daughter- Suffering, pain, emotion becoming more important – being represented in art - Made fun of traditional art, gender roles blurred, women no longer running away from men, women represented less modest and often
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