BIOL 2013 1st Edition Lecture 16Outline of Last LectureI. Metabolic PathwaysII. Enzymes (catalysts)III. Collision TheoryIV. Factors Influencing Enzyme Activity of Current LectureOutline of Current LectureI. EnergyII. NutritionIII. GrowthCurrent LectureI. Energy A. ATP is the main source of energy in the cell B. PEP has twice the energy of ATP but isn’t the main source because it would require thecell to use more energy to produce it C. catabolic reactions release energy D. anabolic reactions take in energy E. ATP is made 3 different ways through phosphorylation (adding phosphate) 1. substrate level phosphorylation: ATP is made when phosphate is directly transferredfrom a phosphorylated metabolic intermediate to ADP 2. oxidative phosphorylation: the generation of ATP is coupled with electronThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.transport 3. photophosphorylation: the generation of ATP coupled with electron transportin photosynthetic cells II. Nutrition A. required 1. a carbon source 2. a nitrogen source a) nitrogen fixation: convertong molecular nitrogen to organic nirtrogen 3. inorganic molecules 4. essential vitamins (metabolites) 5. water III. Growth A. 4 stages (growth curve) 1. lag 2. log 3. stationary 4. decline B. they divide by binary fission C. requirements 1. physical a) temperature (1) psychrophiles: -5 to 20 C (2) mesophiles: 20 to 50 C (a) they can grow in our body temperature(3) thermophiles: 50 to 80 C (4) hyperthermophiles: 80 and above b) pH (1) most grow between 6.5 to 7.5 (2) acidophiles grow in acidic environments c) osmotic pressure 2.)
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