Bio 105 1st Edition Lecture 13Current Lecture“I do not feel obligated to believe that the same God who has endowed us with sense, reason, and intellect has intended us to Fargo their use.” Galileo Galilei Origins of Diversity- We have been storytellers since the dawn of our evolution, and have narrative on how we got onEarth.- Science is relevantly new. - Cosmology-1. Nature and meaning of the universe generated from combining knowledge and wisdom.Dealing with the meaning of the universe. We gain this wisdom from education,experiences, etc. 2. Scientific cosmology is the study of the past, present, and future of our physical universe. Universe Today:Universe = largest unit on nature. All things, as a whole.H Hydrogen – 75%He Helium – 23%O Oxygen – 1%Other elements – remaining %- There are 92 naturally occurring elements on Earth (periodic table)- Structure of the universe – One millions earth’s can fit inside our single sun.- 1 light year is a distance (how far light travels.- Galaxy – Massive collection of starts, gas, and dust kept together by gravity.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Earth to sun = 8 light minutes- Solar System = 5.5 light hours- “Stellar Region” - we have neighbor stars- The galaxy that our solar system is located in is the “Milky Way” on it Orion Arm.- From the within stars of the Milky Way appears a dim band.o 2/3of us public can’t see the Milky Way from their homes.Andromeda Galaxy – The closest neighbor galaxy, 2.5 m.l.y away.Telescopes are like time machines. “Look-back time” – we are looking at history, the past, when you look at the stars because of the distance light travels.o 8 minutes from earth to the sun.o the more distance an object is from us, the further back in time we are looking.o There are billions of galaxies with hundreds of billions of stars in each.History of Cosmology – There are hundreds to thousands of creation stories – fundamental to our well being. Traditional creation stories have similar:o Symbolic narratives of how the world began and how the first came to inhabit it.o Are sacred accountso Set in a dim and non-specific patho Speak to meaningful questions held by the societies that share themo They are means of transmitting valueWestern World (Judeo-Christian) universe was- Created by God thousand years old, perfect size of solar system, geocentric.Aristarchus (2300 BC) heliocentric views were rejected. Wandering stars= planetsRetrograde motion = pattern of starsPtolemy’s Scheme – (100 AD) used math and came up with Earth was the center of all. No one questioned this for hundreds of years.Copernicus – (Mid 1500’s) Through his finding he could make better predictions. He was afraid it would upset society. This findings explained retrograde motion better for the planets.Copernicus Revolution – turning point in world’s intellectual development, which laid the foundations of modern science and philosophy.Galileo became the target. He was questioned and criticized by the church/society and didn’t care. He changed the telescope and made it useful. He developed new technology, which drove
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