Lecture 3Past LectureEmbedded Theory continued… - well- established through strong supporters. Overwhelming evident generated from rigorous testing, one that has withstood debate over a considerable amount of time in a wide range of disciplines. (Theory of evolution)-Science is methodical and based on evidence. You don’t vote; it’s not a democrat. Scientists doubt, question, and test alternative explanations. Science is non-dogmatic. (Aren’t asked to accept, but it can be challenged.)Peer Review – submit journals and reviewed by some professional in the subject. It is presented in a way that it’s clear and easy to understand. It is not based on whether you like the findings or not. Types of peer review are scientific journal articles, dissertations, academic books and book chapters and white papers. A white paper is a statement or opinion put out by an agent or group. They are built on peer literature and peers reviewed themselves. They are informative and authoritative and proposed to guide action. Science is considered self-correcting. Limitations of science can’t adequately describe some of the most profound experiences of life. It can’t make moral decisions and is the only way of knowing the world. Good Science is peer reviewed, testable, refutable, predictable, and conclusions are based on science. Bad Science is untestable.Nothing is certain. Everything can be turned over. Example, for long time we have accepted that earth was the center of the universe until we found out otherwise. It is completely beyond our reach. Methodological materialism – scientists restrict themselves only to material causes (natural causes, like matter and energy interactions) rather than supernatural causes. Fact: Basic statement established by experiments or observation. Facts are the worlds, date and can be revised when re-tested with better instruments. FACT DOES NOT MEAN “ABSOLUTE CERTAINLY.” Evolutionists make no claim for perpetual truth, though creationists often do. Facts do not go away when scientists debate rival theories to explain them. Examples- Water freezes at 32 degrees F, earth is a sphere, the universe is expanding, humans and gorillas evolve from a common ancestor speciesLaw: a logical relationship between two or more things that is based on a variety of facts and accepted hypothesis. It is often a mathematical statement of two or more quantities relate to each other. Examples – For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction, F=ma Hypothesis – a tentative stamen such as ‘if A happens then B must happen’ that can be tested by direct experiment or observation. Examples – the solar system formed from a primordial disk of gas and asteroidal material.BIO 105 1st EditionBelief: a statement that is not scientifically supported in the same way some facts laws, hypotheses or theories are supported. Scientifically rejected beliefs can still be help to be true. Examples – humans were created separately from all other life on Earth, There are such things as ghostsProve – means absolute certainty, absolute truth. This is often used to describe embedded theory and hence is misunderstood by non-scientist. THIS WORD SHOULD BE AVOIDEDCurrent Lecture- Methological Materialism - Scientists restrict themselves only to material causes (not causes like matter, energy, and their interaction) rather than supernatural causes. You can’t find data to study for supernatural causes. - Science can neither validate nor invalidate the existence of God or any other supernatural entity. - Science makes no assertions about any reality outside of nature. Where do scientists stand on the Theory of Evolution? It’s a fact that humans and gorillas evolve form a common ancestor species. The Theory of Evolution by means of natural selection is an embedding theory. There are a lot of misunderstandings amount how science explains things and how people explains things. More than 99% of scientists in Earth and Life Science recognize evolution by means. There is no scientific theory competing with evolution, but evidence can upset embedding theory. Scientific ideas mean nothing unless they can withstand criticism and rebuilt upon it. Science and religion Young earth creationism: The belief that the universe came into being only a few thousand years ago. Most young Earth creationists interpret the Bible literally, including not just the special, separate creation of human beings and all other species, but the historicity of Noah's flood. There is no evidence (peer reviewed scientific evidence) available that supports this belief.Nature is relevant (not confined to written book) and can reveal information about