PSYC 330 1st Edition Lecture 6 Outline of Last Lecture I. The history of Psychology, and how it has progressed from ancient times.Outline of Current Lecture I. A basic understanding of what Psychological Assessment is.II. Context of Clinical Assessment.III. Methods of Assessment.IV. Advantages of Unstructured and Structured interviews.Current LectureWhat is Psychological Assessment?- The collection, organization, and interpretation of assessment data obtained from an individual. This is done by interviewing, or screening a patient. It can take anywhere from 2 minutes to 2 or more days.- It addresses the patient’s past, but is also sensitive to current situations/stressors/environmental factors the individual may be encountering as well.General Goals of a Psych. Assessment1. Screening- HANDS (Harvard National Depression Screen) has 9 to 10 items that measure depression symptoms.2. Diagnosis- Screening is used to get a reliable diagnosis.3. Case Conceptualization/ Treatment Planning- Case conceptualization is basically determining which features contribute to the illness. Here is a brief example of a conceptualization of a case concerning a person with depression and a social anxiety disorder.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. Environ.TriggersPast (Bullying)Genes/BiologicalFactorsDepression/Social AnxietyDisorderParentalAbuseRecentTrauma4. Treatment Outcome (Using things like BDI-II and SPAI to determine if the treatment is effective.5. Increase patient self-awareness (which will possibly promote change). Gaining insight or introspection gives the patient awareness of their own psychological behavior, and is something everyone should develop.Specific Goals- To find strengths, weaknesses, and abilities. (Strong VI-measures skills/abilities; VinelandABS-done by a parent/guardian/sibling to see if the patient has a developmental disorder; attention, memory, IQ tests)- Personality (e.g., aggression, warmth, introversion/extroversion, impulsivity, mood)- Behaviors (overt, covert)-Taking in context, antecedents, and consequences.- Prediction- The MMY (Mental Measurements Yearbook) has 3 to 4 thousand assessments, and is a good resource to look to.Good things to know for the test are the five most commonly studied personality traits. (OCEAN)Openess (to experiences)ConscientiousnessExtraversionAgreeablenessNeuroticismContext of Clinical Assessment- Psychiatric Settings- Medical Settings- Legal SettingsChild custody, jury selection, competency to stand trial, insanity plea.*Only 1% of trials plead insanity, and only 5% of that original number succeed in the plea. Of that 5%, 90% of the individuals had a preexisting, professionally diagnosed, mental disorder.- Educational SettingsIntellectual developmental disorder/giftednessLearning disabilitiesMethod of Assessment- Clinical interviews (Unstructured/Structured)- Self-report measures (MPI; questioners, personality measures)- Behavioral observations (self-observations, family reports, direct observation)- Functional assessment- Neuropsychology and intelligence/achievement/ability testing- Projective testsAdvantages of Structured and Unstructure Interviews- Structured:1. Increased diagnostic reliability/validity.2. Increased control” over interviewing session.- Unstructured:1. More flexible.2. Increased patient/therapist rapport (level of friendliness, trust, comfort, etc.).3. Ability to assess how the patient organizes responses.4. More opportunity to explore unique details of patient’s history and presenting problems.5. The ability to see if the patient’s responses are tangential (If they are able/unableto retain a certain stream of