PSYCH 330 1st Edition Lecture 19 Outline of Last Lecture II. The Definition of Psychosis and details of itIII. Symptoms of SchizophreniaIV. Prevalence of Schizophrenia and Age of Onset/PrognosisV. Gender Differences with SchizophreniaOutline of Current Lecture VI. More on SchizophreniaCurrent LectureCourse of SchizophreniaProdromal Phase• Onset sudden (e.g., drugs, trauma) or gradual (prodromal)• Social withdrawal, hygiene, work, emotionsActive Phase• Prominent symptomsResidual Phase• Ordinarily minimal recovery (gradual)• 10% (severe symptoms), 75% (residual to active phases)• 15% (return to and maintain “normal functioning”)Death and Schizophrenia• On average individuals with schizophrenia die 10 years earlierThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- This is because of factors like poor health care, substance abuse, smoking, nutrition, HIV, etc.• 12% die by suicide- Younger males, those with severe paranoid delusions, awareness of illness, and those with schizoaffective disorder have a higher likelihood to commit suicide.Associated Features• Comorbid disorders such as anxiety disorders or MDD• Lower IQ• Unemployed• Unmarried- Especially with EOS• A great percent are located in urban areas- Is the result increased stress, or do they already have the disorder and migrate (for food/shelter)?• African Americans are statistically more likely to be diagnosed (supposedly).- Valid?- Actual differences or a diagnostic bias.The Four Types of SchizophreniaParanoid Type- Preoccupation with one or more delusions or frequent auditory hallucinationsDisorganized Type- Disorganized speech, disorganized behavior, and flat or inappropriate affect are prominentCatatonic Type- Motoric immobility as evidenced by catalepsy (including waxy flexibility) or stupor-excessive motor activity.- Extreme negativism (motiveless resistance to instruction or - maintenance of rigid posture) or mutism.- Peculiarities of voluntary movement.- Echolalia or echopraxiaResidual Type- Absence of prominent delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior.Schizophrenia SubtypesDisorganized:• Disorganized speech• Flat affect• Severe social withdrawal• Onset gradual: early ageCatatonic:• Rare• Catatonic stupor (motoric problems)• Waxy flexibility• Mutism• Echolalia, EchopraxiaParanoid:• Most common (50%)• Delusions/hallucinations• Better functioning• Perform better on cognitive tests• Better premorbid adjustment• Later onset• More likely to be married• Better prognosisResidual:• At least 1 episode of schizophrenia• No positive symptoms/only