ANTH 0780 1nd Edition Lecture 15 Outline of Last Lecture I. Edmund LeachA. Student of Malinowski and author of Virgin BirthB. Political Anthropologist who studied in Sri Lanka and BurmaC. Trained as a functionalistA. Leach’s approachB. Three approaches to Virgin Birth1. First: Leach’s approach2. Second: Spiro’s approach3. Third Approach: Theological approachC. Virgin Birth DebateII. Leach’s approach A. Classical approach B. Australian Aboriginals not ignorant of physiological paternity C. Knowledge contingent upon from where it derives D. Misinterpretations of earlier anthropological works E. Leach’s argument:III. Types of Virgin BirthsA. Three Types of supernatural birthB. Comparison of Two Societies concerned with Virgin Birth1. Western Virgin BirthC. Trobriand Virgin BirthD. Comparison of Two Societies concerned with Virgin BirthThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Outline of Current Lecture I. Carol DelaneyA. “The Meaning of Paternity and the Virgin Birth Debate”B. Worked in Turkey C. Primarily interested in religion and gender D. Virgin Birth Debate RevisitedII. The Obfuscation of Paternity’s MeaningA. Oversight + significance of kinship B. Turkish ContextIII. Virgin Mary StoryA. Paternity in ChristianityB. God C. Mother (Mary) and Father (God) D. Monogenetic theories E. God is the biological father of JesusIV. Return to the Trobriand IslandsA. Femininity and masculinity B. Paternity C. Their viewCurrent LectureI. Carol DelaneyA. Known for responding to Edmund Leach’s “The Virgin Birth” with “The Meaning of Paternity and the Virgin Birth Debate”B. Worked in Turkey and with Turkish immigrants in Belgium C. Primarily interested in religion and gender D. Virgin Birth Debate Revisited1. Controversy addressed wrong questions2. Original controversy naturalizes the idea of paternity and obscures the cultural significance of paternity3. Delaney’s Goal – To show how procreation stories speak to wider context 4. Basis for Delaney’s Argumenta. Relatively recent discovery of the role of genetics in paternityb. Earlier stories about procreation (e.g., Virgin Birth) not about physiological nature of birth but about something elsec. Suggests that this was identified by Malinowski in regards to ChristianityII. The Obfuscation of Paternity’s MeaningA. Oversight and significance of kinship for anthropology = Malinowski categorizing Trobriand procreation beliefs as aspect of kinshipB. Strategy- cross-cultural comparison of procreation to reveal the way in which these stories speak to gender constructsC. Turkish Context1. Procreation stories often told using a “harvest” metaphor2. Implies agency and power (active role)3. Women are the “Soil” or “Field” which implies intrinsic qualities (passive role)4. Men are the “Seed”5. Men and women are imagined as having different roles in procreation.a. Manis agentive, creative energy behind the child and the children are the product of masculine authorityb. Womanis nurturing, natural environment III. Virgin Mary StoryA. Paternity in Christianity reveals characteristics similar to those found in Turkish villageB. God creates and transmits as Mary receives and nurtures C. Mother (Mary) and Father (God) are imagined differently in regards to creation of life and are not imagined as being co-creators or partners. D. Monogenetic theories are complementary to monotheistic religionsE. God is the biological father of JesusIV. Return to the Trobriand IslandsA. Femininity and masculinity not seen as equal or co-creators among Trobriand IslandersB. Paternity not significant in procreation narratives because they are not seen as agent in creation of lifeC. In their view, the reason we don’t encounter paternity as a concept is because it is not imagined as important to cultural conceptions of life, not because they do not recognize physiological