ANTH 0780 1nd Edition Lecture 14 Outline of Last Lecture I. Why are lineages important?A. Define political and social rights and responsibilitiesB. PoliticalII. How are they assigned?A. Kinship positionsB. GenerationC. GenderD. AffinityE. CollateralityF. BifurcationG. Relative AgeH. Gender of linking relativeIII. Adoption A. DefinitionB. Blurs the boundaries of kinship categoriesC. Example: aunt and motherD. AnthropologistsIV. SodalitiesA. Special purpose B. Grouping can be based on ascribed or achieved statusThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.C. Secret Societies: V. MarriageA. MarriageB. Ghost MarriageC. The Social Meanings of MarriageD. Structures of MarriageE. Structures of Marriage: TypesF. Structures of Marriage: ResidencesG. Structures of Marriage: FamiliesH. Structures of Marriage: FamiliesOutline of Current Lecture I. Edmund LeachA. Student of Malinowski and author of Virgin BirthB. Political Anthropologist who studied in Sri Lanka and BurmaC. Trained as a functionalistA. Leach’s approachB. Three approaches to Virgin Birth1. First: Leach’s approach2. Second: Spiro’s approach3. Third Approach: Theological approachC. Virgin Birth DebateII. Leach’s approach A. Classical approach B. Australian Aboriginals not ignorant of physiological paternity C. Knowledge contingent upon from where it derives D. Misinterpretations of earlier anthropological works E. Leach’s argument:III. Types of Virgin BirthsA. Three Types of supernatural birthB. Comparison of Two Societies concerned with Virgin Birth1. Western Virgin BirthC. Trobriand Virgin BirthD. Comparison of Two Societies concerned with Virgin BirthCurrent LectureI. Edmund LeachA. Student of Malinowski and author of Virgin BirthB. Political Anthropologist who studied in Sri Lanka and BurmaC. Trained as a functionalistD. One of the first British-Anthropologist to embrace structuralism (the universal single-structural themes that vary in terms of their specific details)II. Virgin BirthA. Birth in which paternity is attributed to a supernatural forceB. Leach was interested in the version of the stories that appear in the Trobriand Island and in Australian AboriginesC. Leach’s approach: all virgin birth stories represent variations on the same structural theme: the relationships between gods and menD. Three approaches to Virgin Birth1. First: Leach’s approach- classic structuralism approach2. Second: Spiro’s approach- thought that the Australian Aboriginals and Trobriand Islanders were unaware of the nature of physiological Paternity3. Third Approach: Theological Approach- there are different kinds of truth and reinforces dogmaE. Virgin Birth Debate – Spiro argues that Leach’s approach is positivistic in nature because it seeks a single objective truth rather than allowing for the possibility ofmultiple types of knowledge.III. Leach’s approach A. Classical approach B. Australian Aboriginals not ignorant of physiological paternity C. Knowledge contingent upon from where it derives D. Misinterpretations of earlier anthropological works E. Leach’s argument:1. Problem is not with interpretation but with methodology2. Specifically concerned with the types of anthropological comparisons permitted by each approach3. Labeling a “primitive” ignorant is the anthropologists distinguished self from subject and tied to earlier anthropological enquiries.IV. Types of Virgin BirthsA. Three Types of supernatural birth1. Birth that yields normal mother and child2. Birth that yields normal mother but exceptional child3. Birth that yields both abnormal mother and childB. Comparison of Two Societies concerned with Virgin Birth1. Western Virgin Birtha. Extreme class stratificationsb. Sexual rapaciousness of patriarchyc. Necessity for kinship in which consanguinity was recognized through maternal lineageC. Trobriand Virgin Birth1. Class stratifications where when are given as tribute2. Sexual rapaciousness of women 3. Matrilineal descent D. Comparison of Two Societies concerned with Virgin Birth1. Comparison reveals a concern with structural themes (e.g., virgin birth) in particular types of social conditions2. Differences reveal the variation that can occur around this structural theme (structural