GEOG 1101 Lecture 11 Outline of Last Lecture I. Cultural GeographyII. Key Concepts III. Culture IV. Historical Geography V. Social Construction VI. Emergent Cultural Geographies Outline of current lecture I. Ukraine II. Values and Belief Systems III. Belief Systems IV. Semiotics V. Sacred Places around the worldCurrent Lecture Ukraine Western Ukraine is politically aligned with Europe Eastern Ukraine is aligned with Russia Speak Russian, Russian minorities Crimean peninsula is a part of Ukraine, which has Russian Majority, and now Russian troops control it in order to “Protect ethnic Russians” as claimed by Putin (Russian President) Kerry believes that this is a violation of sovereignty The West is concerned because of security agreements Eastern Ukraine has a lot of oil and gas, which it sells to Russia Russia needs Ukraine for gas EU also needs Ukraine for gasValues and Beliefs Systems Beliefs, space, and place Values are meanings and knowledge about good and bad, truth and falsehood, moral ways of life. Values shape a lot practices and way of life. 1. Form personal/ moral identities 2. Frame group solidarity, affiliation These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.3. Provide in-group consensus People demonstrate adhesions to values When you belong to a group you share their values 4. Provide principles to maintain identity 5. Help make sense of behavior Values create belief systemsBelief Systems Any type of system needs belief in order to work. Religion: Compassion, Awe, Devotion, Obedience, forgiveness, generosity and justice. Hearth Areas are also areas of innovation and culture (religion), which have emerged in these areas. Christianity and Islam originating from Fertile Crescent Hinduism rising from India Buddhism emerging from East Asia Diaspora is a population, which has been separated from its cultural hearth and has now established a new place based identity. Culture has spread through colonialism and imperialism. Christianity has the largest number of people in the world Islam is the fastest growing religions in the world. Atheists are also growing SemioticsFrench theory, way of seeing the world. Practice of reading signs Claim that we don’t just read the sign, but we translate the sign through our beliefs, values, etc. Root of miscommunication between people. Important Sacred Places around the world Taj Mahal: built to shrine Mumtaz’s memory Has many signs that communicate different values A Sacred Place is a place that has been given value via a belief system and the value that peoplegive to it with their beliefs. Roslyn Chapel has engravings all around the building and little statues have different facial expressions It has pre Christian cosmology within a Christian church Located in Scotland. Jane temple in Rajasthan Close to New Delhi Cosmology engraved in the temple Explains ways of how we got to the worldSynagogue in Hungary, Incorporates Jewish values Mosque in Palestine, incorporates value of equality between men in Islam Hagia Sophia A cathedral turned to a mosque, which is now a museum It shows how things change to accommodate the needs of a community MLK’s church in Atlanta Provided a basis for important political movement Buddhist Temple in Thailand Communicates values of the Thai and the Buddhist Hindu Temple in AtlantaBrought by migrants from Gujarat, Sweat Lodge Facilitates engagement with the spirit world Sacred Forest Uluru/Ayers Rock sacred space for aborigines in Australia, It has their cosmology They get in touch with where they are and where they are going. British renamed it Ayers