GEOG 1101 Lecture 10 Outline of Last Lecture I. Medical GeographyII. Mobility and Migration III. Russia Population studyIV. EgyptV. BotswanaVI. Refugees and IDP VII. Maps to know for the Test Outline of Current Lecture I. Cultural GeographyII. Key Concepts III. Culture IV. Historical Geography V. Social Construction VI. Emergent Cultural Geographies Current Lecture Cultural Geography Focuses on the way space, place, and landscape shape culture at the same time that culture shapes space, place, and landscape.Coproduction occurs when 2 different things produce each other Ex. People produce culture, culture produces people. Key Concepts of this Unit Cultural GeographyCultural SystemsDiaspora Cultural Hearths Identity Americanization/ Globalization Construction of RaceCulture Culture is the shared sets of meanings that are lived through the material and symbolic practices of everyday life. Values, beliefs, practices, ideas related to either language, family, language, gender Shaped by institutions, Process and outcome These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Works differently on different scales Has been affected greatly by globalizationCultural Institutions include Economy, politics, religion, family, identity, and environments. Places where culture interacts Work with one another within culturesCultural Differences include race, class, gender, sexuality, ethnicity and more It is how people mark themselves as belonging to a group and it can be really political. Diaspora is the spatial dispersion of a previously homogenous group and can be caused by Imperialism, trade, ethnic cleansing. Specialists see Folk Culture as the traditional practices of small groups, especially rural people with a simple lifestyle, who are seen as homogenous in belief systems and practices. Passed down from generation to generation Ex. Amish, GypsiesPopular Culture is viewed as the practices and meaning systems produced by large groups of people whose norms and tastes are heterogeneous and change frequently. What is happing right now Contemporary and commercial Cultural Landscape: a characteristic and tangible outcome of the complex interactions between a human group and its natural environment Include own practices, preferences, values and aspirations Culture is the agent, nature is the medium and cultural landscape is the result. Cultural Trait is a single aspect of the complex of routine practices that constitute a particular cultural group Geographers study how cultural traits come together to form larger frameworks for living in the world. Rites of Passage are acts, customs, practices, or procedures that recognize key transitions in human life.Cultural Complex/ System Cultural Complex is a combination of traits characteristics of a particular group Cultural Region is an area where certain cultural practices, beliefs or values are more or less practices by majority of the inhabitants. Things by themselves are not culture, but when they come together they form culture Interactive components that shape a groups identity Historical Geography is the geography of the past Genre de vie: a key concept in Blanche’s approach to cultural geography referred to a functionally organized way of life of a particular culture groupBlanche emphasized the need to study small, homogenous areas in order to uncover close relationships between people and surroundings Social ConstructionHow we classify and understand the world around us. Globalization and Cultural Exchange Americanization is the idea that American culture will come to dominate the rest of the world. There is a lot of fear, but many believe it is not true Globalization has a large effect on local cultures Citizenship Civil Citizenship: legal and civil rights to access courts, freedom from arbitrary arrest and rights to security of property (17-18 century)Political Citizenship: state rights to free speech, dissemination of political view in the media, rights to assembly and protest and right to vote. (19th Century)Social Citizenship: rights to state guarantees of socio-economic well being, including employment, healthcare, pensions, or family benefits. (20th century)Race and Place is a problematic classification of human beings based on skin color and other physical characteristics. Racialization is the practice of creating unequal castes based on norm of whiteness Phenotypic and it is based on observable traits.Ethnicity and Territory is a socially created system of rules about who belongs to a particular group based upon actual or perceived commonalities Hinges on shared culture/history Geographers focus on how it shapes and is shaped by space Territory is a basis for ethnic groups cohesion A complex cultural category constituted through shared history and often through language, religion and an attachment to a particular place. Nationality: legal relationship with the state All tied up in our cultures and how we perceive other cultures Race and its meanings are socially constructed Gender and other identities: Reflecting social differences between men and women It is socially and culturally created. Women in poor areas bear the greatest social and economic burden and the most suffering. Hybridity is meant to convey a mixing of different types Ex. movements across a binary of racial categories History of Race and Legal Status in US 1790: Congress restricted naturalization to “White Persons”It was only Whites naturalized until 1952The definition of white has changed and courts used different rationales for whom they considered white. Emergent Cultural Geographies Actor Network Theory: views the world as composed of heterogeneous things including humans and objects; it recognizes that humans coexist with nonhumans in a network that includes all sorts of social and material bits and pieces. Ex. Actor network is a family Non-representational Theory: understands human life as a process that is always unfolding, always becoming something different. Materialism: emphasizes that the material world is at least partly separate from humans and possesses the power to affect