POLS 1101 Lecture 10 Outline of Last Lecture I Internal Institutions of Congress and Unstable Coalitions II Party Leaders III Committees A Types of Committees B Committee memberships IV Other internal features V Legislative Process I VI Legislative Process II VII Senate Distinctiveness Outline of Current Lecture I Framer s Wishes Unitary Executive II Constitutional Bases of Presidential Power I III Constitutional Bases of Presidential Power II IV Constitutional Bases of Presidential Power III V Bureaucratic Institutions in the Obama Administration VI In Comparison Executive Forms VII Individual Presidents and Scope of the Executive VIII The Partisan Presidency IX The Populist Presidency X Presidential Public Activities Current Lecture I Framer s Wishes Unitary Executive separate from legislative branch They needed someone who could respond decisively efficiently to crises collective action Helps Resolve Coordination issues o Enforce laws uniformly and fairly One person is responsible for execution of law o Coerce conflicting groups to cooperate example different states disputing the president can resolve those problems ARTICLE TWO of Constitution executive branch II Constitutional Bases of Presidential Power I George Washington set standards for presidents to follow even some not listed in the Constitution Election of the president would not be direct through the electoral college Part of the checks and balances system o Executor of the laws Congress writes laws President executes them o Congress can impeach president can rule that acts by the president are unconstitutional o Appointments to the Supreme Court body that makes most of standing decisions on what is isn t constitutional President appoints all judges Primary role in the military and foreign policy gave most of authority to president o President negotiates treaties works out executive agreements president is commander and chief of arm forces o Congress is supposed to declare war last time WWII III Constitutional Bases of Presidential Power II IV Constitutional Bases of Presidential Power III Also Judicial Power Nixon V Bureaucratic Institutions in the Obama Administration VI In Comparison Executive Forms Founders purposely chose a system different than Britain s o Great Britain today is a parliamentary democracy Monarch U S is a presidential system Executive elected separately a France is a mixed presidential system confusing Different veto and proposal powers o Prime minister he or she can propose policy on floor of legislature Most vote for what he wants too State governors Powers vary from state to state o GA governor has more legislature authority less executive authority than other states VII Individual Presidents and Scope of the Executive George Washington started the cabinet system and emphasized implied powers 19th century presidents made the office more partisan populist powerful o ANDREW JACKSON First 6 presidents regarded veto as something that was only used for constitutional concerns Andrew Jackson used it as legislative tool Theodore Roosevelt Woodrow Wilson Franklin Roosevelt all expanded the office o Increased national power relative to the states in the economy and the welfare state President has a bigger hand in economic policy o Increased presidential power relative to Congress in world affairs Theodore Roosevelt was first to leave borders of country during time of office o Increased the size of bureaucracy President campaigns on his party more VIII The Partisan Presidency The president today is seen as the head of the party in elections and in policy making The president s popularity shapes the party s success in congressional and state elections The president s initiatives shape the policy agenda for government IX The Populist Presidency Presidents can go public and communicate directly with the American people Used to mobilize voters and put pressure on Congress Polling to measure public opinion X Presidential Public Activities