PSYCH 3620 1nd Edition Lecture 4 Outline of Last Lecture I Psychoanalytic Theory A 3 Parts of Personality II Psychosexual Developmental Stages III Psychosocial stages of development IV Behaviorism V Operate Conditioning VI Social Cognitive Theory VII Bronfenbrenner s Ecological theory Outline of Current Lecture I 3 Stages of Prenatal Development A Germinal stage B Embryonic stage C Fetal stage II Pregnancy III Maternal Diet IV Teratogens forty V Risks after the birth VI Cultural effects on becoming parents Current Lecture I Three stages of development 1 Germinal stage 0 2 weeks Ovulation Fertilization zygote Cell division mitosis blastocyst Implantation in the uterine wall Blastocyst is when the Inner cell mass becomes embryo amnion Trophoblast becomes placenta chorion From Blastocyst to embryo Three layers of inner cell mass 1 Ectoderm outside skin brain nervous system These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute 2 Mesoderm middle muscle bones circulatory 3 Endoderm inside internal organs respiratory The placenta develops to feed the embryo Where Maternal fetal blood exchange oxygen and nutrients placental osmosis Maternal fetal arteries and veins not directly connected 2 Embryonic stage 2 weeks 2 months Primitive heart beats Spontaneous movement 8 weeks organs structures laid down organogenesis A half is head at 8 9 weeks cephalo caudal development Critical rapidly development sensitive to damage 50 80 miscarriage due to chromosomal abnormalities 3 Fetal Stage 2 months birth II III IV Sexual differentiation 9 weeks Prenatal breathing 10 weeks Fetal activity 12 16 weeks felt by Mom Development of the senses Cutaneous touch chemical smell taste auditory visual Pregnancy Three trimesters 38 weeks gestational term of 40 weeks First 3 months Morning sickness due to hormonal changes Fatigue Second 3 months Woman feels the baby moving quickening Prenatal activity level predicts activity level of the baby after birth Final 3 months Fatigue and discomfort Fetus drops to get into position for birth Maternal diet Pregnant women consume 300 extra calories a day gaining 25 35 pounds Also they should limit their caffeine consumption to 200 mg 12 once a day Inadequate diet lower basal metabolic rate higher risk for obesity diabetes Teratogens forty Agents that can disrupt prenatal development and cause malformations or termination of the pregnancy Alcohol Fetal alcohol syndrome FAS nd Tobacco including 2 hand smoke asthma and other respiratory problems SIDS ADHD and learning disabilities Prescription drugs even aspirin is linked with bleeding Illegal drugs Maternal disease and stress V VI Risks after birth Baby blues Postpartum depression should be treated Sudden Infant Death Syndrome SIDS Prematurity birth that occurs before a gestational age of 37 weeks Low birth weight full term newborn weighing less than 5 pounds 4 ounces Cultural effects on becoming parents allowing parents to stay home parental leave from work Learning about parenting from knowledgeable people including grandparents social connection with other adults Emotion expectations prep for the baby Sleep arrangement Hormonal changes postpartum depression
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