Jaymie TicknorDevelopmental Psychology 3620 Sect. 85325 and 28 October 2013Lecture #23Chapter #10 PowerpointAttachment is an emotional bond; cannot be away from attachment figure; miss them too muchGoal directed partnership: balance between exploring and maintaining a close proximity to attachment figure (wiser, stronger, protector); Boeby’s thoughtsMary Ainsworth: she classified toddlers into four different attachment styles: Secure, Avoidant, Anxious Ambivalent/Resistant, Disorganized/DisorientedTwo key ingredients for developing attachments: sensitivity and responsivenessSecure: comfortable with intimacy and autonomy (positive model of self and other)Preoccupied: preoccupied with relationships; insecure with self, but loves others; society pusheswomen into this category (negative model of self, positive model of other)Dismissing: dismissing of intimacy; counterdependent; very cocky, do not care for relationships;society pushes men into this category (positive model of self, negative model of other)Fearful: fearful of intimacy socially avoidant; disorganized; mistreatment, neglect, child abuse (negative model of self and other)Lecture #24Chapter # 10 PowerpointMental representation of self; internal working model of self and other (Boeby)High levels of negative model of self, anxious attachments/ambivalent (high level of distress; worry about being abandoned)Low levels of negative model of other, avoidant attachments (do not trust others, self reliant)Temperament: the general emotional style an individual displays in responding to eventsChess and Thomas’s types of temperament (innate personality): Easy: positive mood, easy adaptation to change, and regularity and predictability in patterns of eating, sleeping, and elimination (about ⅓ of infants with this)Difficult: more negative mood, frustration and intense responses, slow adaptation to change, and irregular patterns of eating, sleeping, and elimination (10-15% of infants with this)Slow-to-warm: slow adaptation to new experiences and moderate irregularity in eating, sleeping, and eliminationNine Dimensions of Temperament: activity level, adaptability, approach/withdrawal, attention span and persistence, distractibility, intensity of reaction, quality of mood, rhythmicity (routine during the day), threshold of responsiveness; 35% show a mixture of traits that do not fit one of these profilesInteractional Effect: Infant temperament (difficult child); Moderator (three risk factors: poverty, inadequate social/emotional support, or a history of parental rejection; haveinsecure attachment themselves; about 3%)Parenting: less sensitive mothering leads to Attachment Outcome of insecure attachment; more sensitive and engaged mothering leads to Attachment Outcome of secure attachment (after 1-1.5 years, expand attachments to other people)Chapter #11 PowerpointSelf-Identity Development: how should you behave yourself in a social contextDevelopment of Self-Concept: Infancy: confusion of self and otherToddlers: recognition of self in a mirror 18-24 monthsAutonomy vs. shame and doubt (independence and self-control vs. lack of confidence)Claim possession of toys = asserting autonomyDiscipline and encouragement; consistencyPreschool: initiative vs. guilt; imagination; activity vs.
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