U S Census Bureau Foreign Trade Division Understanding Foreign Trade Data May 16 2007 U S Census Bureau Overview of Imports and Exports Carol Aristone Commodity Analysis Branch Carol Ann Aristone census gov What do the statistics measure The physical movement of goods between United States Puerto Rico U S Virgin Islands Foreign countries 3 Coverage Movement of goods into out of U S Customs Territory U S Virgin Islands Bonded Warehouses Foreign Trade Zones FTZs 4 Coverage Goods not included U S trade with U S territories Trade between U S territories Trade between foreign countries and U S territories other than PR and VI In transit merchandise through the U S 5 What s not Covered in Statistics Monetary gold silver U S government to U S government Imports of articles repaired under warranty Intangibles Personal and household effects Low valued transactions Consult the Guide to Foreign Trade Statistics 6 The Harmonized System HS Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the U S Annotated for Statistical Reporting Purposes HTSUSA Statistical Classification of Domestic and Foreign Commodities Exported from the U S Schedule B 7 The HS System 17 000 HTSUSA 8 000 Schedule B codes Periodically revised Structure 2 digit Chapter 4 digit Heading 6 digit sub heading 8 digit legal 10 digit statistical 8 The HS System 9 The HS System 10 What is the difference Export codes Schedule B are maintained by the U S Census Bureau Import codes are administered by the U S International Trade Commission USITC Import Codes CAN be used to classify Exports but Exports codes CAN NOT be used to classify goods for import Imports has a lot more detail 11 Changes to the HTSUSA Schedule B Changes occur three different ways WCO changes affect the HS 4 or 6 digit level Legislation affects the legal 8 digit level Imports only 484 f committee affects the statistical 10 digit level 12 Partner Country Exports Country of Ultimate Destination Imports Country of Origin Where goods are grown mined or manufactured Use country of shipment if origin unknown for re imports 13 Exports Related vs Non related Statistics cover the physical movement of goods regardless of if item is sold When a U S manufacturer exports merchandise to their company in France or to a non related purchaser in Russia both are counted as trade 15 Valuation F A S Export Value free alongside ship Value of export at port based on transaction price including inland freight insurance other charges incurred before loaded Excludes international freight cost of loading merchandise and any other charges costs beyond port of export 16 Leases If merchandise exported for 12 months Non stat Consignment Temp lease with option to buy Stat Examples artwork or aircraft 17 Repairs Exports Exporting items for repair Report Ch 1 97 HS number of item Non stat AES exemption code TR temporary export for repair Exporting items repaired in U S Report HS 9801 and value of repair 18 Imports Foreign Trade Zones Imports Duties not required until goods withdrawn for consumption Importer has choice to pay at the rate of the original foreign materials or the finished product Can result in 3 000 new car 20 Bonded Warehouses Imports Duty payment deferred No duty if re exported to foreign countries 21 General vs Consumption General Imports measures flow of goods across U S border Imports for direct consumption Bonded warehouse entries and FTZ admissions Most widely used measure of imports 22 General vs Consumption cont Imports for Consumption goods cleared through Customs Imports for direct consumption Bonded warehouse and FTZ withdrawals 23 Valuation Customs Value Generally price actually paid excluding Duties Freight Insurance and other charges Relationship b w parties should not influence value 24 Valuation cont CIF cost insurance freight CIF Customs Value Import Charges Excludes U S import duties 25 Valuation cont Dutiable Value Customs value of foreign goods subject to duty Where merchandise is a combination of U S and foreign goods duty is applied only to the foreign value added 26 Valuation cont To determine the dutiable value of a combination of U S and foreign goods Example 9802 provision U S value is included in statistics Value is total of domestic foreign values U S Goods indicators show that a portion of the import is domestic materials Publication IM146A 27 Valuation cont Duty Collected by CBP Reported on the Automated Commercial System ACS FTD generally uses duty as reported on ACS 28 Country Sub Codes CSC Indicates a special program allowing for free or reduced duty Examples GSP US Chile Free Trade Agreement NAFTA CSC used 00 no special programs claimed CA Goods marked for Canada NAFTA MX Goods marked for Mexico NAFTA Full list available on our website 29 Rate Provision RP codes RP codes indicate free or dutiable status Used in conjunction with goods imported using Ch 98 or 99 code RP code can relate back to Ch 98 or 99 Assigned by FTD 30 Rate Provisions cont Examples of RP codes RP 17 Free as articles imported for the handicapped Imported under HTS subheadings 9817 00 92 9817 00 94 9817 00 96 RP 69 Dutiable at rate prescribed in Rate of Duty columns of HTS Ch 99 Duty reported Full list available on our website 31 Special Provisions Chapter 98 99 for National use Ch 98 duty free reduction Ch 99 legislation executive and administrative actions 32 Special Provisions cont 9801 U S goods exported and returned not advanced or improved U S origin Previously exported from U S 33 Special Provisions cont 9802 Goods with components of U S origin U S goods assembled abroad Importers deduct value of U S goods from total Customs value 34 Dual Reporting of Codes Report 10 digit statistical reporting number Chapter 1 97 Followed by special provision Chapter 98 UQ from Ch 1 97 35 Dual Reporting of Codes 9817 85 01 Prototypes for development testing evaluation Free 8422 11 0000 Dishwasher household 2 4 8422 19 0000 Dishwasher other Free 36 Special Provisions cont Chapter 99 Quotas Additional duties Temporary reductions 37 38 Dual Reporting of Codes Footnote 189 See headings 9902 01 19 9902 02 12 9902 12 54 etc Reduced or duty free rates 9902 01 19 Vinclozolin Report 9902 01 19 2934 99 1200 39 Repairs Imports Importing repaired item Report Ch 98 number and value of repair If under warranty non stat If Non warranty stat Also report Ch 1 97 HS in order to determine duty Importing item for repair Temporary imports 40 Internet References FTD http www census gov trade Guide to Foreign Trade Statistics
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