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PREFACE 1. RUSSIA – AN OVERVIEW 1.1 Geography 1.2 Population 1.3 Political System and Int... 1.4 Economy 1.5 Foreign Relations 2. PROMOTING FOREIGN INVESTM... 2.1 The Foreign Investment Law 2.2 Production Sharing Agree... 2.3 Special Economic Zones 2.4 Regional Legislation 2.5 International Treaties 3. ESTABLISHING A LEGAL PRES... 3.1 Representative Office an... 3.2 Forming a Russian Legal ... 3.3 Limited Liability Companies 3.4 Joint Stock Companies 4. ISSUANCE AND REGULATION O... 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Securities in General 4.3 Equity Securities 4.4 Debt Securities 4.5 Russian Depositary Recei... 4.6 Infrastructure of the Se... 4.7 Organizers of Trade, Sto... 4.8 Regulation of the Securi... 5. COMPETITION PROTECTION LAW 5.1 Abuse of a Dominant Posi... 5.2 Agreements Limiting Comp... 5.3 State Aid 5.4 Establishment of Companies 5.5 Mergers and Acquisitions 5.6 Unfair Competition 5.7 Selection of a Financial... 6. TAXATION 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Types of Tax 6.3 Tax Audits 6.4 Corporate Profits Tax 6.5 Taxation of Foreign Comp... 6.6 Double Taxation Treaties 6.7 Value Added Tax (“VAT”) 6.8 Mineral Extraction Tax 6.9 Taxation under Productio... 6.10 Corporate Property Tax 6.11 Unified Social Tax 6.12 Personal Income Tax 6.13 Regional and Local Taxes 7. CURRENCY REGULATIONS 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Currency Operations 7.3 Resident vs. Non-residen... 7.4 Special Currency Control... 7.5 Liability for Violation 8. EMPLOYMENT 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Employment-related Orders 8.3 Labor Books 8.4 Probationary Period 8.5 Minimum Wage 8.6 Work Time 8.7 Holidays and Non-working... 8.8 Vacations 8.9 Sick Leave 8.10 Maternity Leave 8.11 Dismissal 8.12 Compensation 8.13 Foreigners Working in R... 8.14 Trade Secrets 8.15 Personal Data 9. PROPERTY RIGHTS 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Ownership of Land 9.3 Ownership of Buildings 9.4 Leases 9.5 State Registration of Ri... 9.6 Classifications of Real ... 9.7 Payments for Real Estate 9.8 Residential Real Estate 9.9 Mortgage of Real Estate 10. PRIVATIZATION 10.1 History of Privatization 10.2 Current Status 11. LANGUAGE POLICY 12. CIVIL LEGISLATION 13. BANKING 13.1 Legal Framework 13.2 Regulatory Bodies 13.3 Credit Organizations in... 13.4 Banking Activities 13.5 Licensing 13.6 Deposit Insurance 13.7 Money Laundering 14. NATURAL RESOURCES (OIL A... 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Subsoil Legislation 14.3 Subsoil Users 14.4 Licenses 14.5 Transfer of Subsoil Rights 15. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY 15.1 Regulatory Environment 15.2 Patents 15.3 Trademarks, Service Mar... 15.4 Company Names and Trade... 15.5 Copyrights and Neighbor... 15.6 Software Programs and D... 15.7 Topologies of Integrate... 16. BANKRUPTCY 16.1 Legislation 16.2 Bankruptcy Criteria 16.3 Initiating Bankruptcy P... 16.4 Bankruptcy Procedures 16.5 Supervision 16.6 Financial Rehabilitation 16.7 External Management 16.8 Bankruptcy Liquidation 16.9 Composition Agreement 16.10 Bankruptcy of Banks an... 17. THE RUSSIAN JUDICIAL SYSTEM 17.1 Introduction 17.2 State Arbitrazh Courts 17.3 International Arbitration 17.4 Enforcement of Judgments 17.5 Alternative Dispute Res...RussiaDoing Business inRussiaMay 2007Doing Business in RussiaMay 2007Baker & McKenzie - CIS, LimitedMMoossccooww OOffffiicceeSadovaya Plaza, 11th Floor7 Dolgorukovskaya StreetMoscow 127006 RussiaTelephone: +7 495 787 2700Facsimile: +7 495 787 [email protected] PPeetteerrssbbuurrgg OOffffiiccee57 Bolshaya Morskaya StreetSt. Petersburg 190000 RussiaTelephone: +7 812 303 9000 / 325 8308Facsimile: +7 812 325 [email protected] of ContentsPREFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .v1. RUSSIA – AN OVERVIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.1 Geography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 Population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3 Political System and International Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.4 Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.5 Foreign Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42. PROMOTING FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN THE RUSSIANFEDERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52.1 The Foreign Investment Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.2 Production Sharing Agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.3 Special Economic Zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.4 Regional Legislation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102.5 International Treaties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103. ESTABLISHING A LEGAL PRESENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113.1 Representative Office and Branch of a Foreign Legal Entity . . . 113.2 Forming a Russian Legal Entity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143.3 Limited Liability Companies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153.4 Joint Stock Companies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204. ISSUANCE AND REGULATION OF SECURITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .244.1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . …
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