PSYC 410 1st Edition Lecture 19Outline of Last Lecture I. Features of Long Term MemoryII. Tip Of Tongue (TOT) PhenomenonIII. Sentence MemoryOutline of Current Lecture I. Autobiographical Memorya. Eyewitness Testimonyb. Infantile Amnesiac. Alleged “Repressed Memory Syndrome”II. The Higher Mental ProcessIII. What is LanguageCurrent LectureAutobiographical Memory- Flashbulb Memories- Eyewitness Testimonyo Not as reliable as people thinko Changes in memory over timeo Memory is poor under those conditionso You get questioned about incident “What you saw?”o Remember false stuff that happenedo Easy to push people in a certain direction Bias subjectso Social pressure Ex. One of those 6 people did the crimeo DNA didn’t match- Infantile Amnesiao 1st memory around 3 or 4 years oldo Sigmund Freud video tape record theory birthall thereThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Believed that you could remember early memory because you repressed them because they were unpleasant- Alleged “Repressed Memory Syndrome”o Start with Freud Subduction error. Sexual seduced by parents. Thoughts were repressedo Concluded that stories didn’t happen, they were sexual fantasies about children wanting to sleep with parents.o Aggressive Therapist Pressure technique Hinting stuff… and then they make stories up to please himo 1980Therapist said that patients have been sexual abused as children Easy to implant false memory Guided imagery process- Why is there Autobiographical Memory?o Unique to human beingso Socializationo Interact in order to survive Reciprocal Altruism- Problem of cheating…DIFFICULT- TO DETECT CHEATERS, YOU NEED TO REMEMBER THE SPECIFC PERSON WHO HELP YOU AND THE SPECFIC PERSON WHO DIDN’T HELP YOUo Creation of the Self Defines who we are The Higher Mental Processes (UNIT 4)THE HIGHER MENTAL PROCESSES•What are the Higher Mental Processes?• Language• Problem Solving• Thinking and Reasoning•Decision Making and Behavioral EconomicsWhat is Language?- Distinctive Features of Languageo Duality of Patterning and Arbitrariness The sounds of the language are defined physical by the noise The meaning defines them as well Defined by two things: Sound or site pattern and meaningo Syntax, or Grammar Invent them in sentenceso Symbolic Reference Gives language huge cognitive power Talk about something that not present to us Talk about stuff in the past, plans in the future that hasn’t happened yet Mentally travel ANYWHERE- Components of Languageo Phonology sound pattern in ordero Syntaxo Semantics how symbolic reference workso Pragmatics and DiscourseSyntax: The Engine of Language (Noam Chomsky, b. 1928)- Review of Skinner’s Verbal Behavior (1959)o Incompletely destroyed ito One good thing about skinners book on a behaviorist standpointo Equivocation: change words meaning (technical vocabulary)o Chomsky criticizes Skinner- Infinite Generativity with Finite Meanso Capacity of human brain is not infinite- Descriptive and Prescriptive Grammaro Teacher and parents want you to use when you use languageo Chomsky wanted to use language how it really is- Chomsky’s Generative Grammaro The Significance of Syntaxo Surface and Deep Structureo Competence and Performance Performance is what we say Competence is the form of actionThe Significance of Syntax- EX. They are cooking apples.- Tree diagram- Starts with an S at the top- 2 ways to read sentence- Not physical stimulus that defines the meaning on sentenceo It how we cognitive read it Deep and Surface Structure: Same SS, Different DS- John is easy to please.- John is eager to please.o Tree diagram o Both have the same constituent (surface) structureo Apply a transformation that swaps the N and PP constituent clauses, WE GET:o 1.) To please John is easy; and o 2.)* To please John is