COMM 305 1st EditionLecture 9Outline of Last Lectureb. Axioms of URTc. Putting the Axioms Together2. Problems with URT3. Uncertainty Management Theory Outline of Current Lecture 1. Expectancy Violation Theory a. Nonverbal behavior b. Expectations c. Violations d. Response: Immediacy Example2. Communication Accommodation Theory Current LectureClip on Girls - she is positive and so decides not to get results. Picks a fight with friends to avoid talking about the diagnosis. Opportunity and danger appraisals are relevant. The uncertainty is relevant to your goals. The uncertainty is relevant to her goals. It is possible for uncertainty to evoke excitement when you have a crush you haven’t acted on because you can continue to dream. Uncertainty can create both positive and negative emotions. Danger appraisals don’t evolve negative emotional reactions. They don’t have completely positive emotions. There is a mix of positive and negative emotions in both cases. There is negative emotions with danger appraisals. There are positive emotions with opportunity appraisals. Danger appraisal - Dorothy - not knowing was incongruent with her goals. She wants to know what happens. She wants to know what she has. Appraisals evolve some emotional mix.We are talking about uncertainty not what is causing the dangerous element. Different forms of theory operate on different assumptions and have different scopes.Social penetration theory is focused on relationship development. Scope isn’t just concerned on something being broad or narrow but on what the theory is tryingto explain. 1a. Nonverbal Behavior Nonverbal behavior is everything that doesn’t evolve language. Types of Nonverbal Behavior - NVB Paralanguage - nonverbal cues that accompany speech Volume, pitch, tone, Body Motion - gestures, movement of your hands or feet, facial expression, eye behavior, blinking, eye gaze. Appearance - height, weight, skin color, clothing, perfume. They are nonverbal movements that play a role in communication. Use of space (proxemics) - one of the most studies aspects. How close we stand at a grocery isdifferent than how close we would stand to someone at a bathroom. It would be weird if you were the only one in the theater and someone came and sat right next to you. They may have wanted that seat. It still would be weird. 1. Nonverbals are context dependent. They do have universal elements. The eyebrow flash is something people in all culture do to acknowledge that you see them ifyou are far away. You will use it with anyone. In some cultures the only kind of social contact the eyebrow flash is seen as is for a lure flash. 2. Not all nonverbals are communitive. A dentist putting his hands in your mouth isn’t trying to imply anything. He is just trying to look at your teeth. 3. We can’t study nonverbals in isolation. We have to think of them in clusters. Micro expressions - a flash of emotional reactions. They last for a couple of seconds. It is not controllable. They look for things that are inconsistent. They look for people doing things out of the norm. They look for clusters and not a one time experience. They are good at detecting when someone is uncomfortable. We must look at patterns. 1b. Expectancies Trying to explain how interaction works. How do we infer a set of nonverbal interactions and what it means. Looking at how people do things when it is not expected.COMM 305 1st Edition Focusing on situations that are odd. We notice it is odd. If someone sits right next to someone in an empty movie theater. That is odd. It is an expectancy violation theory. When you communicate with women you have a preconceived notation of how the action will go. Pays attention to when the notions are violated or broken in some way. The expectancies come from a variety of sources. They come from social norms: the culture we belong to. A range of behavior. How long to have eye contact? It depends on the context, and relationship involved. It is 30 microseconds in the United States. That varies. 1c. Violations What happens when our expectations gets violated or broken? 1. We notice. They stand out. 2. We evaluate them. Was it good or bad? It is arousing. If you have been running and then have a fight it may be because you just went running. 1d. Response: Immediacy Example A way of looking at a cluster or set of nonverbal behaviors that indicate the strength of connection between two