COMM 305 tion 1nd Edi Observations Outline of Last Lecture 1 Theory Making as Human Process a Varied b Importance of Dialogue c Messy d Linked to Methods 2 Key Points of Comparison 3 Three Clusters of Theory Making a Post Positivistic Theory Chapter 3 b Interpretive Theory Chapter 4 c Critical Theory Chapter 5 Outline of Current Lecture 1 Historical background a Empirical Observation b Testable Falsifiable c Putting the Post in Post Positivism 2 Metatheory Bingo a Form Casual statements about constructs b Goal Explanation prediction and control c Commitments Modified realists modified objectivists leaky faucet d Methods Quantitative empirical e Evaluation 3 Examples Current Lecture 1a Empirical Observation To come to knowledge we could be construct by observation or we could know things by mathematical proof We could learn something because we could improve it 1b Testable Falsifiable Post positivist are interested in proving things They want to prove something universally If you want to prove something you can t prove every first meeting Instead of proving our hypothesis we try to not disprove them yet We try to not prove them wrong yet Trying to find evidence contrary to what you believe and are guessing They give us a map so we can do deductions We can imperially test Set forth a guess before you do your research The guess has to be falsifiable There has to be a chance that it could be wrong It is important to recognize the human element COMM 305 tion 1nd Edi Most social science represents that observation is itself a human process Observation is imperfect Observation is important but can never be perfect Our observations are flaud 1c Putting the Post in Post Positivism Post Positivism involves others Measures have a lot of error in them and aren t perfect like we would want them to be If we can observe something we can get around what exists Make problematic claims They settle for solving what is happening 95 of the time Emphasizes the tentative nature of knowledge The claims can t be absolute It has to be problemistic 2a Form Casual statements about constructs Formal law like statements about formal constructs Information about how the constructs can be measured and observed The formal law like statements are casual statements You tend to see variables and casual maps 2b Goal Explanation prediction and control Wants to be able to predict public agenda given media agenda If you can reduce uncertainty then you should be able to reduce facial expressions ect Ontology Realist Social Constructionist Nomanalist Social world is like physical world Real world but socially constructed No real social world Immutable structures Agreed upon Random and chaotic Independent of observer Intersubjective creation Defined by our own ideas You believe there are laws that govern how human communication works It is your job to reveal them not to discover them Epistemology Objectivist Kind of knowledge Explanations of casual relationships Subjectivist Situated understanding COMM 305 tion Objectivist 1nd Edi Subjectivist Connection between knower and known Separate Inquiry from inside Goal of knowledge Accumulation o knowledge toward perfect ends Emergent and local cases no Can I control how my values influence my work Can I beware of how my values influence my work It is possible to turn the faucet off and to keep our values from shaping the work and the result of the test
View Full Document
Unlocking...