CBIO 2200 1nd Edition Lecture 10 Outline of Last Lecture I The Dermis II The Hypodermis III Skin Color Outline of Current Lecture I Bone Tissue II Functions of the Skeleton III Bones and Osseous Tissue IV Long Bone V Flat Bone VI Bone Cells Current Lecture I II Bone Tissue a Osteology study of bones b Skeletal System i Bones ii Cartilage iii Ligaments iv Tendons c Bones and teeth d Living Skeleton what is happening with living skeleton metabolically active Functions of the Skeleton a Support b Protection protects organs c Movement act as levers for movement of muscles d Electrolyte balance calcium and phosphorous These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute III IV V VI e Acid base balance f Blood formation red and white blood cells start out in bone marrow Bones and Osseous Tissue a Bone aka osseous tissue b Mineralization or calcification hardening of bone by minerals c Dynamic always remodeling itself d Sensitivity and metabolic activity e Four categories of bones i Flat ii Long femur iii Short iv Irregular don t fall in other categories sphenoid Long Bone a Compact Dense bone covers outside of bone b Shaft Diaphysis mid section c Medullary cavity inside shaft marrow cavity d Epiphysis knobs on either end of shaft e Spongy cancellous bone under compact bone f Articular cartilage cartilage that covers epiphyses g Nutrient foramina passageway for blood vessels nerves etc h Periosteum surrounds outside of bone i Outer fibrous layer right next to compact bone contain bone stem cells make new bone cells ii Inner osteogenic layer mostly collagen i Endosteum inside covering of bone connective tissue j Epiphyseal plate growth plate hyaline cartilage covers end of epiphysis and separating epiphyses and diaphysis this one represents epiphyseal plate or growth plate Flat bones a Diploe spongy layer in the cranium also between compact bone b Also contains periosteum and edosteum Bone Cells a Four principle types i Osteogenic cells bone stem cells mitotic cells ii Osteoblasts cells that lay down the bone cells no longer mitotic iii Osteocytes mature bone cells iv Osteoclasts bone dissolving cells do not come from osteogenic cell line from macrophage line aka hemopoetic cell line 1 Ruffled border comes in direct contact with bone and releases enzymes that eat away at the bone 2 Important in remodeling of bone
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