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IUB JOUR-J 110 - TV Broadcast and Beyond

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J110 1ST Edition Lecture 8 Outline of Last Lecture I Empirical II Journalism of Verification III Journalism of Assertion IV Journalism of Affirmation V Interest Group Journalism Outline of Current Lecture I II III IV V VI History of Television Broadcast a Philo T Farnsworth b TV growth c The Big Three d What s on TV e Public Broadcasting Act of 1967 f Public Broadcasting System Changes in Technology and Content a 1970s 1980s b Cable TV c Videocassette Recorder d TV Does Digital Business of TV Regulation of TV a Indecent Programming TV Today TV as a Social Force History Philo T Farnsworth 1927 Farnsworth transmits an image of a straight line TV growth 1939 NBC shows New York World s Fair But few households had a TV 1942 America enters WWII Production stops 1946 RCA starts making TVs again But from 1948 1952 licensing of new TV stations is frozen by FCC 1949 1959 Went from 1 000 000 to 50 000 000 TV sets in use The Big Three Columbia Broadcasting System CBS National Broadcasting Company NBC American Broadcasting Company ABC Result of FCC forcing NBC to sell off one of its networks What s on TV Ed Sullivan Show I Love Lucy Broke racial boundaries Couldn t say pregnant had to say expecting Ended Live TV Dick Van Dyke Show Mary Tyler Moore wears pants BIG DEAL Public Broadcasting Act of 1967 Funding for noncommercial educational programming Public Broadcasting System Non profit network Funded by government private industries and viewer donations Changes in Technology and Content 1970s FCC loosens restriction on Cable and Satellite 1975 Home Box Office HBO gets permission to send nationwide programming NBC CBS ABC don t object HBO 1st network to continuously deliver signal via satellite 1976 Ted Turner launches WTBS Air via RCA satellite 1980 Ted Turner launches CNN 1982 Ted Turner launches CNN Headline News 1986 Rupert Murdoch starts Fox Network Simpons married with children Hit big time with NFL rights Offered new channels o BET o Nickelodeon o ESPN Half of all American households have cable service Cable TV Videocassette Recorder 1970s VCRs available 1985 2 out of 10 homes had one 1999 9 out of 10 homes had one TV Does Digital 2009 Analog TV broadcast stations cease HDTV SDTV o Picture isn t as good o Allows more Business of TV Broadcast built on ads Who s watching Nielsen PeopleMeter o Ratings of total audience o Shares of TV sets in use o Sweeps February May July November Higher ratings during sweeps Ability to charge more for commercials Regulation of TV 1950S Morality codes and network standards and practices department Obscenity VS Indecency o Obscenity sex on TV ACTS o Indecency talking about acts foul language TV Today An earthquake in slow motion Changes in broadcast networks due to changes in technology Digital convergence of TV and Internet cut the cord iTunes and Amazon Prime Netflix non network non cable content Reality TV it s cheap Audience interaction is easy Lots of white urban young people Lots of male leads too More diversity cropping up niche channels Univision and Telemundo What s on TV Who s on TV TV as a Major Social Force Unique characteristics Watching requires no special skill Can assume role of parents and teachers Despite audience fragmentation TV is still dominant shared cultural experience Olympics Newton N Minow 1961 When TV is good there is nothing better when bad there is nothing worse Vast wasteland


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