Study Guide Test 2 History 1311 Chapter 5 1 The strengths of Washington s presidency a He established the idea that a President was not just another word for King b Washington made sure that he never overstep the authority of the presidency c His greatest moment was leaving after two terms because it set a precedent that has been followed by almost every president following him It also allowed for a peaceful exchange of power from party to party the first throughout the entire world d The Bill of Rights the basic financial system and the call for economic planning all began in Washington s presidency 2 Hamilton s financial reformsa Hamilton was the first Secretary of the Treasury in the United States and made our economic banking system Set up the basic foundation of what we still have today b Hamilton was supported by Washington c He set up a central national bank that controlled tariffs d 25 owned by the Feds that had control over state banks and could coin and print nation wide accepted money 3 How foreign affairs influenced politics in the early republica There was much debate between foreign affairs that also lead to the emergence of two political parties in the US b The conflict between Britain and France left Americans in question about what to do c Jeffersonians believed that we should predominantly take Frances side as they helped us gain independence d Hamiltonians believed it was best for the economy to trade with Britain because they were the most powerful country in the world 4 The origins of political parties Stated over the issue of a national bank Jefferson Madison vs Hamilton a b Philosophy c Jefferson d Hamilton e Best Society f Ag Economy g Manufac Econ h Expansion i Yes j No k Tariffs l No m Yes n Bank of US o No p Yes q Trade r Free Trade Fr s Britain 5 The Articles of Confederation a The first form of government in the United States that was used from 1781 to 1789 b Left much power with the states and made the central government almost powerless c I was replaced by the United State Constitution in 1789 6 The Great Compromise a Settled the issue of equal representation by establishing a Senate b Each state would be represented by 2 senators from their state c The House of Representatives would be based of each states population 7 Daniel Shays s Little Rebellion a Farmers demanded laws to protect their farms against forclosures b Daniel Shay along with famers were blocking the court house to they could not meet which caused no foreclosures on farms c Militia was called to restore the order six farmers were captured and sentenced to death d Washington used it as a way to prove that we needed a strong central government 8 The Bill of Rights a Agreement that was essential to ratify the constitution b The Bill of Rights which is comprised of the first ten amendments of the constitution was put in place in order to gain the support of the Antifederalists that were against the Constitution without them c Satisfied those who feared states would be destroyed by a new government 10 Federalists v Anti Federalists Anti Federalists In general classes of poor society Supported the Articles of the Confederation Opposed a strong central government wanted powers to fall with the individual states Complain Constitution lacked a Bill of Rights Federalists Educated more wealthy individuals A of C was weak and ineffective National Government need to be centrally strong in order to be effective Constitution didn t need a Bill of Rights because is protected individual rights a The Federalists published the Federalists papers in New York to try and convince Anti Feds that the Constitution was a good form of government It was meant to educate people of the Constitution to try and sway views towards support 12 Jay s Treaty a Treaty with Britain that said they would not invade a the United States b The British agreed to evacuate their posts forts that lay just outside the US borders to the west c It also allowed to ten years of peaceful trade with the British 13 The Whiskey Rebellion a A new tax imposed by Washington on farmers because they were using left over corn and grain in the form of whiskey as a medium of exchange b Washington suppressed it peacefully with a tremendous show of force Washington rode in with his army to stop the rebellion 14 John Adams a 2nd President of the US b Failed to be reelected in 1800 15 The XYZ Affair a The French are attacking American Ships that have merchandise for trade aboard b French demanded a bribe usually in the form of money before they agreed to leave the ships alone c Adams was determined to maintain peace while ordering the building up of military d Resulted in the lessening of popularity for the Republican party 16 The Alien Acts a Authorizes the president to imprison or deport anyone he deemed a threat to the peace and safety of the nation 17 The Sedition Acts a Imposes fines on citizens and foreigners convicted of publishing malicious writing against the government Chapter 6 1 The presidential election of 1800 and its meaning a The real significance was that it symbolized a governmental shift of power through a democratic and orderly fashion b Hamilton throws his support towards Jefferson with the agreement that Jefferson would allow the National Bank system previously put in place to remain untouched 2 The Twelfth Amendment a Changed the process by which the President and Vice President are elected b Each elector was now required to cast a vote for the President and Vice President 3 Why Jefferson was able to purchase the entire Louisiana territory from France a Napoleon needed money to finance his major war in Europe and decided that he could sell the Louisiana Purchase in order to help the cost of that war b Jefferson buys the Louisiana Territory for 15 million in 1803 4 The constitutional issues involved in the Louisiana Purchase a Jefferson fears that he may be overstepping his powers of the Presidency by purchasing the land but with support from the senate through the ratification of the Treaty he successfully purchases the land and acquires a huge portion of the United States b Justified the purchase of the land because it finally gave US access to the Mouth of the Mississippi which was a major source of economic wealth and growth for America c It made his first term highly successful 5 The emerging dominance of the Republican Party and the decline of the Federalists a The Federalists party starts to decline when Jefferson