NUTR 202 1nd Edition Lecture 1 Defining Nutrition Nutrition is a science that studies how nutrients and compounds in foods we eat affect our body s function and health Example of how looking at a person s refrigerator contents can imply lifestyle and food choices Other Key Concepts Nutrients a substance in food that provides energy and structure to the body and regulates body processes ERS Essential nutrients a nutrient that must be consumed or provided by the diet for example carbohydrates cannot be produced in the body and need to be consumed in the diet Calories unit by which energy is measured food energy is measured in Calories or kilocalories 1000 calories 1 kcal and you capitalize Calories Nutrient density a measure of the nutrients provided by a food relative to its calorie content For example low fat milk has about the same calories as sweetened iced tea yet more calcium vitamin D and vitamin A Another example is an orange is more nutrient dense than vitamin C tablet because that supplement does not provide all the other nutrients an orange has Fortified foods foods in which one or more essential nutrients has been added key solution to micronutrient deficiencies 1 Mandatory government mandates that certain nutrients be added in certain foods 2 Voluntary common practice among food manufacturers in order to sell food Examples of mandated fortified foods by the US Government Milk with vitamin D bread with B vitamins and salt enriched with iodine Note these are the ONLY ones regulated cereals and supplements are not regulated and do not provide all the benefits of foods may risk intoxication Phytochemicals These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute Found in plant based foods such as fruits vegetables grains and beans Provide non essential nutrients and can be beneficial for these reasons anti oxidants anti inflammatory and cancer prevention Functional Foods Provide health benefits and disease preventing properties beyond basic nutritional functions Examples include broccoli that prevents cancer oatmeal that lowers cholesterol and salmon that prevents heart disease In class discussion on how to fill phytochemical gap in America solution is to do the 5 rule use 5 different colors on a salad each different color represents different phytochemical
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