BIOL 3454 1nd Edition Lecture 1Current Lecture I. Zoology Exam #1 Material:II. Branch of Biology that studies Animals a. Animals = Zoob. Domain – Eukarya c. Kingdom – animalIII. Reproduction (asexual/sexual)a. Intrautene cannibalism - sand tiger shark i. Tropical & temperate regions ii. Not dangerous to humansiii. Mothers produce several (40-70) eggs & they eat each other until only 1 is left on each sideb. DNA/RNA IV. Metabolism a. Very complex in animals b. Catabolic (breaking down)c. Organisms acquire energy & nutrients from the environment & then process themV. Development a. Bacteria is immortal; lives until something kills it b. All organisms have a life cycle; often several life cycles c. Animals senesce (age/getting older); with the exception of bacteriaVI. Environmental Interactiona. Ecology – study of organismal interactions between their abiotic & biotic environmentsb. Niche – physical & temporal space an organism can exist in VII. Irritability – organisms response & ability to respond to stimuliVIII. Organisms & parts show complex & somewhat predictable movements IX. Characteristics of Science:a. Guided by natural laws b. Explainable by natural laws c. Testable d. Conclusions are tentative pending new evidencee. FalsifiableX. Scientific Method:a. Observationb. Questionc. Hypothesis d. Test or experimente. ConclusionThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.f. Publication/dissemination of resultsXI. Peppered Moth Example – Industrial Melanism a. Industrial revolution – coal burned b. Deposited soot in the surrounding areasc. Darkened trees buildings ectd. 2 pollutionsi. Coil dust 1stii. Carcinogenic in product 2nd e. Biston Betularia Exhibits a range of colors from white to blackf. Before industrial revolution most trees were light as trees got darker moths did too g. The green stuff that grows on trees is lichen XII. Proximate vs. Ultimate:a. Causality – how does it happen (proximate aspects)i. Why does it happen (ultimate aspects)b. Example – avoidance or inbreeding depression through MHC locus recognition i. Dalmatians - blind & aggressiveii. Bulldogs – mostly artificial insemination b/c of inbreeding has taken away those genesXIII. Humans evolve – out of 20 to 60 people likely to be somehow related – limited mating partners & enabling inbreeding XIV. Proximate a. MHC locus b. Humans manifests as smellc. Translates to brain as similarity MHC locus = relativenessd. Someone that smells good to you has a very different immune system & is not at all related to
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