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UT Arlington BIOL 3454 - continuing trilobites, chelicerates and myriapods
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BIOL 3454 1st Edition Lecture 23Lecture 11/7I. Spider reproductiona. Courtship ritual before mating b. Male usually spins a small web deposits sperm then picks it up in pedipalps c. He then inserts pedipalps into females genital openingd. Female lays eggs in silken net may carry it or attach it to something young usually remainin cocoon for a few weeks then disperse II. Dangerous spiders of the USa. Black widows – 5 species i. Neurotoxic – painful venom b. Brown recluses – 13 species i. Hemotoxic – digestive venomIII. Order Scorpiones: scorpions a. 1400 species b. Probably most ancient of the arachnidsc. Predatory mostly on insects and spiders sieze with pedipalps and shred with cheliceraed. Short cephalothorax with chelicera, pedipalps, walking legs, one pair of big median eyes,2 -5 pairs of small lateral eyese. Postabdomen or metasoma of 5 segments with a stinger on the end of the tail f. Comblike pectines that serve as tactile organs g. Reproduction i. Male does a complex mating dance while holding females chelae as he steps back and forthii. Sometimes stings her on edge of cephalothorax – foreplay iii. Male deposits spermatophore on substrate then female picks it up iv. Brood and nourish young in females reproductive tractv. Babies crawl onto mothers back until first molt then they disperse IV. Order Solpugida: sun or camel spidera. In TX b. Non-venomous c. Shred prey with large cheliceraed. Up to 15cm across e. Usually in desert habitats f. Very high metabolism V. Order Opiliones: harvestmen a. Daddy longlegs b. 5000 species c. Abdomen and cephalothorax rounded and broadly joined no pedicel d. Abdomen with external segmentatione. 4 pairs of legs that end in claws can be lost and regenerateThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.f. Carnivorous but mostly scavengers g. Non-venomous VI. Order Acari: ticks and mitesa. 40,000 species b. Most medically important arachnidsc. Largest about an inch long d. Most habitats on earthe. Many species parasitic for at least part of their life cycle f. Anatomy i. Complete fusion of cephalothorax and abdomen ii. No division or sefmentation iii. Mouthparts on anterior projection called capitulum iv. Chelicera for gripping and tearing food v. Base of pedipalps forms hypostome vi. Rostrum or tectum extends dorsally over mouth vii. Usually 4 pairs of legs viii. Most transfer sperm directly some use spermatorphoresix. Larvae with 6 legs one or more are 8 legged nymphal stages VII. Subphylym Myriapodaa. Means many footed b. 2 tagmata head and trunk paired appendages on each trunk segment c. Use trachea to carry respiratory gasses to and from all body cells another independent evolutionary event from arachnids and insects d. Excretion through malpihgian tubules – another evolutionary event from chelicerata VIII. Class Chilopoda: the centipedes a. Roots: Greek cheilos (margin or tip) pous or podos (foot)b. Extremely carnivorous c. Up to 30cm long d. A few dangerously venomous to humanse. A few to 177 segments – each segment with the exception of the one behind head and last 2 have 1 pair of jointed legs f. Appendages of first segment make venomous clawsg. One pair of antennae, mandibles and 1 or 2 pairs of maxillaeh. Pair of eyes on top of head are just froups of ocelli i. Digestive system straight tube j. Respiratory through a pair of spiracles in each segment k. Sexes separate with unpaired gonads and paired ducts l. Some lay eggs while others give birth to young no metamorphosis m. Centipedes are totally consumed with


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UT Arlington BIOL 3454 - continuing trilobites, chelicerates and myriapods

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