Defining Clinical and Counseling Psychology 1 What is clinical psychology What sorts of professional activities i e clinical work research etc engage clinical psychologists In terms of clinical work what sorts of clients do clinical psychologists work with What types of settings do clinical psychologists work a Clinical Psychologist Pg 4 29 understanding and treating individuals affected by a variety of emotional behavioral and or cognitive difficulties a member of a profession devoted to i They perform psychotherapy talk therapy assessment and diagnosis teaching supervision research consultation and administration ii Distinguished by their expertise in assessment and diagnosis psychopathology personality and the integration of science theory and clinical practice into one position b Tend to work with patients who meet criteria for a diagnosis i Those who have some kind of diagnosable disorder anxiety depression schizophrenia etc 1 These patients tend to be more severe than those seen by counseling psychologists ii Tend to use the therapeutic orientation that they studied 1 Example if they studied cognitive behavioral therapy for their dissertation then they would likely use that orientation the majority of the time c Work with a range of people in a range of places i Individuals families school personal hospital personal healthcare professionals ii Universities hospitals private practices group practice or on a team of health care professionals 2 What is counseling psychology How is it different What types of professional activities engage counseling psychologists What types of clients do counseling psychologists work with a Counseling psychologists Pg 7 30 activities overlap significantly with those of clinical psychologists psychologists whose interests and i Traditionally they provide individual and or group therapy for those who don t meet a criteria for specific psychological disorder 1 Such as grief counseling divorce etc 2 Usually their method of assessment is the interview but they also do testing assessment of abilities personality interests vocational aptitude 3 Have wider theoretical orientations than clinical psychology a They use various orientations rather than using the particular orientation they studied the majority of the time b More likely to be aligned with school psychology and career counseling i Traditionally they are more aligned with educational like in a university ii But also work in hospitals rehabilitation clinics mental health clinics and industry c Generally they see themselves as providing i Preventive treatment consultation development of outreach programs vocational counseling short term counseling therapy 3 How are counseling psychology and clinical psychology similar a Both are doctoral level i Either PhD Or PsyD b Integrate science theory and clinical practice i Understand predict and reduce psychological discomfort and disability ii Promote human adaptation and adjustment 4 The following fields are related to clinical and counseling psychology For each of these closely related fields describe the educational requirement the types of clinical services they usually provide to clients and the types of settings e g medical hospitals community centers where they usually work What differentiates each of these fields from clinical and counseling psychology a Psychiatry Pg 5 30 and treatment of a variety of mental disorders a physician with intensive training in the diagnosis i A medical doctor they go through medical school and an internship and then perform a four year residency training in psychology they have an M D not a PhD Or PsyD 1 Requires supervised work with patients in an outpatient program or a hospital ii Because of their medical training they can prescribe medications different from clinical and counseling 1 Tend to see psychopathology as a mental illness will discrete and often biologically based causes that can be treated with medication Different from clinical and counseling iii Receive less training than clinical and counseling in 1 Psychological principles that govern human behavior psychotherapy formal assessment of psychological functioning scientific research methods b Clinical Social Work Pg 8 30 psychiatric diagnosis and in individual and group psychotherapy mental health professionals trained in i Compared to psychologists and psychiatrists their training is relatively brief and limited to a 2 year masters degree ii Perform many of the same activities of psychologists and psychiatrists but focus more on the social forces and environmental external agents that are contributing to their patients trouble 1 Many conduct psychotherapy and contribute to the diagnostic process a They take history interview employers and relatives make arrangements for vocational placement or counsel patients i Then the psychiatrist with conduct psychotherapy and or the clinical psychologist will test them iii Most are employed by public agencies 1 Some are in private practice part of a mental health team in hospitals social service agencies mental health clinics c School Psychology Pg 10 30 promote the intellectual social and emotional growth of school age children psychologists who work with education to i Evaluating children with special needs developing interventions or programs to address these needs and consulting with teachers and administration about issues of school policy In high demand laws require that children who may need special resources have a thorough educational assessment ii 1 Majority work in schools some work in nurseries or day care centers hospitals clinics penal institutions d Psychiatric Nurses i Constantly in close contact with patients so they can provide information about patients hospital adjustment 1 Serve a critical role in creating an appropriate therapeutic environment 2 Working with a psychiatrist or psychologists they implement therapeutic recommendations ii A registered nurse practitioner if working with a psychiatrist may have prescription privileges Training Models Note I have confirmed that the questions presented on the learning objectives A H are meant to be general questions some of them do not have direct answers for each training model the questions were meant as a tool for comparison among the training models which is why some questions A H are not answered directly 1 Scientist practitioner model aka the boulder model a How much does this type of program emphasize research training b How much does
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