Chapter 14 Psychotherapy Behavioral and Cognitive Behavioral Perspectives MULTIPLE CHOICE 1 Definitions of behavior therapy are diverse but all of them tend to emphasize an experimental approach to the study of human behavior clinical inference a b c mentalism over science d mentalism and science equally ANS A REF Origins of the Behavioral Approach DIF Conceptual 2 3 In 1924 Mary Cover Jones worked with a young boy to remove a fear of rabbits and similar objects Her therapeutic technique involved pairing rabbits with objects that elicited a higher intensity of fear a b emphasized the symbolic meaning that the child attached to the rabbits c was similar to Wolpe s later techniques involving reciprocal inhibition d ANS C emphasized the replacement of irrational cognitions with more logical cognitions REF Origins of the Behavioral Approach DIF Conceptual free association systematic desensitization contingency management thought stopping Joseph Wolpe s name is most closely associated with which of the following a b c d ANS B MSC WWW REF Origins of the Behavioral Approach DIF Factual 4 procedures attempt to alter behavior by controlling the consequences of the behavior a Classical conditioning b Operant c Restructuring d Pavlovian ANS B REF Origins of the Behavioral Approach DIF Factual 5 In the 1950s Rotter theorized that a behavior was determined by the value of the reinforcement that followed it b behavior was determined by the expectancy that it would be reinforced c both of the above d neither of the above ANS C REF Origins of the Behavioral Approach DIF Conceptual a b 6 Data suggest that the client s perception of the therapeutic relationship is not very important to the outcome of any type of psychotherapy is more important to the outcome of behavioral psychotherapy than to other types of psychotherapy is less important to the outcome of behavioral therapy than to other types of psychotherapy is very important to the outcome of behavioral and other forms of psychotherapy c d ANS D REF Traditional Techniques of Behavior Therapy DIF Conceptual 7 ALL BUT WHICH of the following distinguishes the therapeutic relationship in behavior therapy from that of other therapies a The therapist tends to adopt a more collaborative style b The therapist tends to be slightly less warm or empathic c The therapist may be more accepting of the problem as viewed presented by the client d The treatment recommended by the therapist may more obviously address the problematic behavior ANS B REF Traditional Techniques of Behavior Therapy DIF Conceptual 8 Systematic desensitization a was developed by Meichenbaum b has proven similarly efficacious for mood and anxiety disorders c d ANS C is based upon the principle that one cannot be simultaneously anxious and relaxed all of the above REF Traditional Techniques of Behavior Therapy DIF Conceptual 9 If a client who has never been taught proper table manners becomes seriously anxious while dining out with others a behavior therapist s goal should be to a b c d ANS B MSC WWW employ exposure treatment to help the client overcome his her anxiety teach the client proper table manners to overcome his her behavioral deficit refer the client to either a client centered or psychodynamic therapist teach the client relaxation skills to use when he she becomes anxious about table manners DIF Applied REF Traditional Techniques of Behavior Therapy 10 Relaxation training in systematic desensitization typically occupies about 15 20 sessions involves teaching the client to tense and relax particular muscle groups all of the above a was once an important component of treatment but no longer is emphasized b c d ANS C REF Traditional Techniques of Behavior Therapy DIF Conceptual 11 the client alone the therapist alone the client and therapist together a neutral third party In systematic desensitization who constructs the hierarchy a b c d ANS C REF Traditional Techniques of Behavior Therapy DIF Factual 12 Susan is a client with a phobia of airplanes who is seeing Dr Williams a behavioral therapist Which of the following should occur during systematic desensitization a Dr Williams decides the order of the items that Susan generates for her anxiety hierarchy b Dr Williams teaches Susan to relax by audiorecording instructions for tensing and relaxing various muscle groups c Dr Williams has Susan list 20 ways in which her fear of flying has negatively affected her d Dr Williams explains to Susan the rationale for the desensitization treatment using life professional jargon ANS B REF Traditional Techniques of Behavior Therapy DIF Applied 13 Dr Olaf and Marcus are proceeding through a systematic desensitization exercise when Marcus signals that he feels anxious Given what you know about the treatment what should happen next a Dr Olaf should halt the treatment entirely and he and Marcus should spend time trying to identify the origin of Marcus s anxiety b Dr Olaf should reassure Marcus that the anxiety is normal but that he must endure it until c Dr Olaf should direct Marcus to stop visualizing the scenario and help him to relax and d Dr Olaf should direct Marcus to stop visualizing that scenario and they should move to it subsides naturally then they should resume the exercise the next one up the hierarchy ANS C REF Traditional Techniques of Behavior Therapy DIF Applied 14 15 counterconditioning It has been hypothesized that systematic desensitization works as a result of a b habituation c extinction d all of the above ANS D REF Traditional Techniques of Behavior Therapy DIF Factual In exposure the client actually confronts the feared stimulus or anxiety provoking situation a b c d in vivo simulated experiential in imagino ANS A MSC WWW REF Traditional Techniques of Behavior Therapy DIF Factual 16 Michael is a client with social phobia who is seeing a behavioral therapist If the therapist uses exposure the therapist is using a technique with no empirical support for this disorder therapy a b Michael will have to remain in anxiety provoking situations until his anxiety subsides c he or she cannot use any other treatment interventions concurrently d none of the above ANS B REF Traditional Techniques of Behavior Therapy DIF Applied 17 To achieve maximum benefit in exposure therapy a b c d the duration of exposures should be short rather than long exposures should not provoke anxiety the client should be directed to attend as little as possible to the feared stimulus exposure should be
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