Clinical/Counseling Psychology MW 10:10-11am1/7/13: Read pgs. 3-181/9/13: (watch Sheldon the therapist-big bang theory on YouTube)-why did we watch it? Most people think of sitting on a couch talking is what we do. What else do people think about clinical psychologists? They have problems of their own. Their problems come out during therapy.Involves research, teaching and services relevant to the application of principles methods and procedures for understanding predicting and alleviating intellectual emotional biological psychological social and behavioral maladjustment disability and discomfort applied to a wide range of client populations. APA division of clinical psychology (Division 12)-The only job of a therapist is to facilitate change in client, not to break them down-alleviating human sufferingwork to understand why (service)prevent emotional disturbances (research)relieve emotional disturbance (teaching)Psychotherapy: 34% activity that most frequently engages the typical clinical psychologist' efforts. Therapy comes in many shapes and sizes! (changes in format, different people do things differently) Why do we do it? Difference in theoretical orientationsTheoretical Orientations: the theoretical framework that a psychologist relies on to conceptualize and treat clients problems (cognitive, behavioral, integrative)3 most common orientations (eclective/integrative, cognitive, psychodynamic). Problems with eclective-not specializing in one theory. When you use more than one method, it is hard to tell what worked out all of the methods. If you use one study method and it always works, you know what you are doing. If you change it up each time, it is hard to know what factor helped more than others. (watched therapy, jack style from 30 rock on YouTube)The same client can receive VERY different therapies if they have different theories. But the best theories are those supported by research.Diagnosis/Assessment: 15% Diagnose mental disorders, diagnose learning disorders for children/adults to get accommodations, IQ assessments ADHD assessments Clinical interview: observe nonverbal behavior as well as verbal responses Administer tools: a battery of tests Research/Writing: 14% Conduct an experiment, writing it up and publishing results in a peer-reviewed journal*know these are the top 3 activities of a clinical psychologist*teach students, develop preventative programs, program administration, provide excellent testimonyWhy do we do other things: each informs the other (research and service (therapy)) examples: using research to understand why methods work/not work for certain clients' problems. Discovery of purging disorder: people were purging without binging, so it was not bulimiaWHO: who do clinical psychologists work with? A wide range of individuals: generally treat people with more psychopathology than counseling (families, communities, school personnel, children, and adults) -> wide range of settings (colleges, hospitals, private practice...) -how does this match up with activities? 39% private practice (psychopathology) 19% university (research)1/11/13: 3 W’s of Psychology: What? What does a clinical psychologist do? Psychotherapy, Diagnosis/assessment, and research. (teaching is 4th in line). Who? Who do they work with? Wide range of clients: children, families, adults, communities. Where? Where do they work? Private practice and a university are top 2. Hospitals, inpatient clinics, schools.(Student speaker, 3rd year doctoral program for counseling psychology).Counseling psychologists started in the vocational psychology and guidance field: mainly assessment focus (job placement). After World War 2 when veterans came home, counseling psychology changed from personnel and guidance psychologists to counseling psychologists (1951). Overlap between clinical and counseling psychology: apply to same internship sites, both meet requirements for licensure, typically work in the same settings, and receive similar training. Differences: Counseling psychologists tend to work with a normal to moderately maladjusted population, continue to work in educational settings such as colleges. Different houses within university (college of medicine, college of education, department of psychology). More people focused rather than research focused. How is clinical psychologist different from other mental health professionals? –Conduct interviews and assessments –focus on conducting educational/occupational counseling.The field of clinical psychology is MUCH larger. (side note question: difference between psychotherapy vs therapy? Most people think of Freud, WHICH IT IS NOT (psychoanalytical theory is Freud). It really means therapy through different methods of counseling towards the mentally ill-not using pharmatherapy-medical uses to treat illness)Psychiatrist: medical doctor who specializes in mental health (can prescribe medicine). Clinical psychologists cannot prescribe medicine. Regards psychopathology as a mental illness with discrete (often biologically based-genetics, chemical imbalances) causes that can be best remedied with medicine. Completes medical school, treats physical ailments, gives physical examinations. Shorter time frames of appointments (15-20 minutes to make sure meds are ok, and no bad behavior to need more medicine) except for the intake session in which you are diagnosed, to where clinical psychologists spend 50 minutes to an hour really talking through problems.Clinical psychologists receives more extensive training in psychotherapy, assessment of psychological functioning, scientific research methods, less training in medicine.Clinical psychologist vs. Clinical social worker: many clinical social workers conduct psychotherapy and conduct diagnostic interviews like clinical psychologists, but are more “in the field” being in the community and in houses to do work. More clinical social workers than psychiatrists and psychologists combined! Clinical social workers take 1-2 years for a master’s program. Place a greater focus on the familial and social determinants of psychopathology. Views: Psychiatrists: biologically based that can be remedied with medication. Clinical Psychologist: biologically based mixed with environmental factors. Counseling psychologist: environmental. Clinical Social Worker: Familial and Social Influences.Training of a Clinical Psychologist: Undergrad: psychology Graduate School: 4 (usually 5-6) years of graduate course work and
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