Communication 101 Text Study Guide Exam 2 NOTE Everything presented in lecture after the first exam may be on the second exam The following material from the custom text may also be on the second exam To prepare effectively for this exam study your lecture notes from after the first exam and the items on this study guide What is Public Opinion p A 17 A 18 1 Know the meaning of vox populi Vox populi the voice of the people a concept key for those interested in democratic theory 2 Know what tool is often used by those interested in determining the effects of message content source credibility or the channels by which information is disseminated polling What is Interpersonal Communication pp A 20 A 23 1 Know the meaning of interpersonal communication Interpersonal communication the types of talk and message we use in daily encounters with people with whom we have a personal relationship friends family romantic partners and or with whom we interact on a personal level The primary focus is the small group of individuals such as family friends who communicate at the personal level verbal and nonverbal 2 Know three functions of self disclosure in interpersonal relationships 1 build trust with one another 2 develop a personal relationship 3 reduce uncertainty 3 Know the role of conflict in interpersonal relationships depends on how you fight that determines relational satisfaction 4 Know Gottman s magic ratio Magic ratio 5 1 meaning for every negative message you send to your partner you have to send 5 positive messages to promote positivity 5 Know the advantages of being skilled in interpersonal communication being a competent communicator persons ability to adapt to nonverbal verbal features of desired messages interpersonal communication competence can engage in meaningful encounters contribute to meaningful accomplishments and develop meaningful relationships What is Persuasive Communication pp A 27 A 29 Persuasive communication any message that is intended to shape reinforce or change the responses of another or others 1 Know the nine cells of the persuasion matrix and the meaning of each cell 1 response shaping creation of new attitudes beliefs or behaviors where previously none existed ex First time you hear about a presidential candidate with no prior knowledge of him her 2 response reinforcing concerned with maintenance or keeping attitudes beliefs or behaviors in place Goal is to allow a person to resist potential attacks by strengthening ones resolve commitment or activity level ex Advertising and customer reward programs in stores 3 conversion response changing movement from one state to another Change can happen suddenly or as a result of evaluation over time ex New Years resolutions 4 Attitudes refer to evaluations vary from liking to disliking ex Love and hate I love this song 5 Beliefs cognition thought Truth or falsity ex I believe it will rain tomorrow Another word for Attitudes and Beliefs is OPINIONS 6 Behavior actions that people take or do not take the focus of persuasive messages ex To smoke cigarettes or not gun control 7 Acquisition an asset or object brought ex Getting a note for missing class 8 Reality construction involves impacting the way one defines a situation ex Advocates on 9 Impression management when individuals attempt to elicit positive judgment from others 10 Conflict avoidance one s goal is to resolve a conflict before it begins 2 Know the four functions of persuasion free will free choice the right of the receiver to say no 1 2 source has intent to persuade 3 social influence 4 the presence of an overt message between a source and a receiver Human Communication Chapter 8 Relationships in Process pp 219 249 1 Know the three bases of attraction 1 proximity geographic closeness 2 similarity most people want to meet others who share many of their interests 3 situations qualify what can reasonably be predicted about your attraction to others 2 Know the definition of trust Trust a psychological state of individuals involving confident positive expectations about the actions of another 3 Know Knapp s ten relational stages five coming together and five coming apart Coming together 1 Initiating attempts to make a conversation with a new person ex Think it will rain today 2 Experimenting try sample conversational topics in attempt to gain some knowledge of the other person ex Where are you from Intensifying the beginning of intimacy sharing personal info and the beginning of greater informality Integrating when they consider themselves a couple 4 5 Bonding marriage engagement agree to accept a set of rules governing their relationship 3 together Coming apart 6 Differentiating 2 people decide that their relationship may be too confining 7 Circumscribing couples begin to reduce the frequency and intimacy of their communication 8 Stagnating the increasing deterioration of a relationship that the participants are trying to hold 9 Avoiding coping tactic to minimize the pain of experiencing a totally deteriorating relationship 10 Terminating ending things breaking up divorce etc 4 Know the most important factor for determining how well students do in school i e student achievement family background 5 properties to define the concept of family long term commitment relations created through biology law or affection enmeshment in a kinship organization ongoing interdependence and institutionalized Human Communication Chapter 9 Interpersonal Communication pp 253 281 1 Know the difference between norms and roles Norms rules whether implicit or explicit about behavior rules from which we develop certain expectations about how people will act Roles a set of norms that applies to a specific subclass within society 2 Know the four concepts used to describe high quality interpersonal relationships according to Miller and Steinberg 1975 1 2 3 in qualitatively high relationships information about the other person is primarily psychological rather than cultural and sociological ex Info that is accessible to most people like age gender or occupation rules for that relationship are developed by the two people involved rather than being rules set by tradition ex Come over without notice raid the fridge basically what mine is yours the roles in a high quality relationship are defined primarily by personal characteristics rather than situations ex Compromises Molly does taxes and Bill goes grocery shopping because one another enjoy those and not the other 4 emphasis in a