Communication 101 Text Study Guide Exam 2 Those who are interested in determining effects of message content source credibility or the channels What is Public Opinion p A 17 A 18 1 Know the meaning of vox populi Vox populi an important concept in the sub field of political communication public opinion points of view of a given group or collective at a given time meaning the voice of the people a concept particularly key for those interested in democratic theory For democratic societies in which political and commercial power resides with the people at large communication is the key to shaping the direction of the community 2 Know what tool is often used by those interested in determining the effects of message content source credibility or the channels by which information is disseminated by which information is disseminated dispersed often use survey research to determine such effects Survey research as a vehicle for understanding public opinion is a thriving enterprise which has been embraced by academicians and practitioners alike What is Interpersonal Communication pp A 20 A 23 1 Know the meaning of interpersonal communication use in daily encounters with people with whom we have a personal relationship friends family colleagues romantic partners and or with whom we interact on a personal level When we interact with someone on a personal level we take into consideration their unique qualities and not just their social role when communicating with them Interpersonal communication is the primary mode through which we develop close relationships across the lifespan and includes both verbal and nonverbal communication Information seeking and sharing are crucial during initial stages of relational development and continue to be important aspects of interpersonal communication as relationships develop 2 Know three functions of self disclosure in interpersonal relationships personal relationship and to reduce uncertainty Gaining information about another either through direct ask them or indirect observe them means also to reduces uncertainty about the other Sharing personal information self disclosure is one way to build trust with one and other to develop a Interpersonal communication includes the types of talk and message exchange verbal and nonverbal we Relational scholar Gottman suggests that couples use the magic 5 1 ratio that is for every negative 3 Know the role of conflict in interpersonal relationships Conflict is an enduring feature of interpersonal relationships Interpersonal communication research has demonstrated that not only is it an ever present aspect of relationships but it can actually be healthy Indeed it isn t a question of whether or not you fight its how you fight that determines relational stratification Individuals have different styles of conflict Individuals also have different styles of relational management and have differing needs within the relationship Sometimes these different styles work together and sometimes they do not 4 Know Gottman s magic ratio message you send to your partner you have to send five positive messages to promote positivity Positive communication attending to your partner sharing messages of admiration and appreciation framing relational challenges as opportunities and fighting fairly are all ways that everyday folks can enhance their relationships through interpersonal communication 5 Know the advantages of being skilled in interpersonal communication Interpersonal communication competence is linked to having a good life where a person will develop meaningful relationships engage in meaningful encounters contribute to meaningful accomplishments and so forth None of these are possible without communication and will be only be successful with interpersonal communication competence What is Persuasive Communication pp A 27 A 29 1 Know the nine cells of the persuasion matrix and the meaning of each cell 2 Know the four functions of persuasion and acquires the notes from the classes they missed requires persuasion communication Second is reality construction which involves impacting the way one defines a situation Third is impression management which is relevant in interpersonal interactions when individuals attempt to elicit positive judgments from others Fourth is conflict avoidance where one s goal is to resolve a conflict before it begins The first function of persuasion communication is acquisition for example when a student misses a class 2 Human Communication Chapter 8 Relationships in Process pp 219 249 1 Know the three bases of attraction Proximity the most obvious determinant of attraction is proximity or geographical closeness Similarity most people want to meet others who share many of their interests whether it be in sports music or travel and they often seek someone of the same religion race and social background We tend to attract and be attracted to be people who are like us and conversely we tend to dislike and be disliked by those who differ from us Situations several situations also qualify what can reasonably be predicted about your attraction to others such as o Perceived reciprocity of liking whether you feel that the people you like also like you Ex your liking for a person intensifies when you feel they like you too and vice versa o Changes in self esteem a second situation that may influence your choice of people is a change in your self esteem The rebound phenomenon illustrates what can happen to attraction as a result of a change in the level of one s self esteem Studies suggest that when self esteem has been lowered our need for affiliation increases and we come more accepting of affection from others Factors that may build one s self esteem are reality orientation seeing reality how it actually is acceptance autonomy principle centered and connection o Anxiety anxiety affects your need to interact or affiliate with others High anxiety Trust a psychological state of individuals involving confident positive expectations about the actions of conditions produce a much more intense desire for affiliation than low anxiety conditions Isolation isolation from the rewards of others also influences your choice of receivers o o Online dating 2 Know the definition of trust another Cooperative behaviors tended to induce cooperative trusting responses and competitive behaviors tended to induce competitive responses Even consistently trust inducing behaviors can be ineffective if a majority of others tell us that