Fall 2014 Final Exam Review EXAM is Th December 11 at 10 00 12 00 a m in DIF 201 BRING A PENCIL AND BE ON TIME 100 questions 100 points STUDY THE POWER POINT SLIDES FOR ALL THE CHAPTERS NOTES WE HAVE COVERED IN CLASS LISTED BELOW THE QUESTIONS BELOW ARE A GUIDE BUT NOT THE ONLY TERMS ETC COVERED There are several organizations some governmental some not that we have discussed in this class Know the purpose function of the following protects the public from enforces the care labeling requirement a Federal Trade Commission FTC b Consumer Product Safety Commission CPSC unreasonable risks of serious injury or death from thousands of types of consumer products under its jurisdiction including products that pose a fire electrical chemical or mechanical hazard or can injure children standards 2 that are designed to minimize the risk and effects of fire by establishing criteria for building processing design service and installation in the United States as well as many other countries c National Fire Protection Association NFPA responsible for 380 codes and Websites d Fabriclink e Cotton Inc Physical and Mechanical Finishes Aesthetic finishes slides What is the difference between aesthetic and functional finishes o Aesthetic change appearance or hand of fabric functional enhances fabric performance o Aesthetic finishes change the appearance and or hand of a fabric fabrics with finish are commonly used for apparel and home furnishings mechanical thermal and chemical finishes o Functional finishes are also referred to as performance finished and enhance fabric performance may play an important role in enhancing performance especially of natural fibers as their properties cannot be enhanced during fiber production for manufactured fibers performance is enhanced How are finishes classified based on how long they remain in or on the fabric o Permanent finish lasts for the life of the fabric o Durable finish usually lasts for the expected life of the product However the effectiveness of the finish gradually diminished after repeated laundering or cleaning o Semi durable finish loses its effectiveness after repeated laundering cleaning and use The finish must be re applied to maintain effectiveness o A non durable finish such as starch is partially or completely removed after one laundering or cleaning What types of fibers can be heat set permanently Embossed fabrics made with thermoplastic fibers How can a durable finish be applied to a natural fiber Skintex microcapsules filled with ingredients such as fragrance insect repellent or cooling materials are anchored within the fabric to which the finish is applies During use the ingredients from the microcapsules are slowly releasoed onto the skin in contact with the fabric The semi durable finish can be applied to fabrics produced with natural or manufactured fibers Are there any types of finishes that can be applied at home by the consumer Blankets are napped on both sides of the fabric to increase the fabric s ability to trap air to provide insulation Plush blankets are produced by flocking nylon fibers to both sides of polyurethane base material Stain resistant table linen is used at home and in restaurants and other hospitality applications Antimicrobial finishes are applied to towels bedding and mattress ticking What is a calender A friction calender An embossing calender o Calendar mechanical finishing process for fabrics to produce special effects such as high luster glazing moire and embossed effects o Friction calendar 2 rollers one heated one not the top one rolls faster than the bottom Works to give a polishing effect o Embossing calendar producing raised or projected figures or designs in relief on fabric surfaces Embossed surfaces are usually produced on fabrics by engraves heated rollers that give a raised effect Embossed velvet or plush is made my shearing the pile to different levels or by pressing part of the pile flat o o Embossing in place of plise reduces cost but the embossed design is often not as durable How is fabric polished glazed or cired o Polished example of glaze finish used for drapery and upholestry o Glazed produced by applying starch wax or resin prior to passing the fabric through very smooth rollers that move at a high speed The smooth high speed rollers add luster by flattening the surface of the fabric The finish is temporary if starch or wax is used and durable is resin is applied to the fabric o o Circed used for thermoplastic fibers The fabric is passed through high speed heated rollers that soften and polish the surface of the fabric to produce a wet look o o Means wax in french What is moir o Produced by passing two layers of a rib weave fabric between rollers to flatten the ribs in certain areas Where the ribs cross eachother they are flattened thus altering the way the light reflects off the fabric o o Watermark water stained wood grain o Used for drapery upholstered furniture accent cushions and formal dresses o Less expensive plain weave fabrics are printed with moire pattern to reduce cost How can embossing be made permanent Cellulosic fibers commonly treated with a resin to make the design permanent What is brushing and napping o napping mechanical finish in which wire hooks are used to pull fibers from the surface of low twist yarns to produce a raised fabric surface o o napped on one or both sides o only spun yarns o brushing mechanical process using a brush to gently raise the fibers from the fabric surface It is also used as part of the pile manufacturing process to remove short fibers from the surface of pile fabric o What is dimensional stability in fabric intended purpose o Ability of a material to maintain its essential or original dimensions while being used for its Chemical Finishes Functional finishes slides What are some examples of functional finishes How do they work see iTextiles notes for each o majority of functional finished are applied by o dipping fabric in a chemical bath and squeezing between rollers o spraying a liquid or foam onto the fabric o nanotechnology molecules of the finished are attached or associated with fibers at the molecular level and in systematically ordered manner o examples NAnotex Nanodry SmartSilver o microencapsulation more recent mechanism to impart desirable properties that are often difficult to apply using other finishing methods enables the slow release of ingredients onto skin that is in contact with the fabric o skintex microcapsules filled