Things you must know for Exam 4 and the comprehensive section of the final Format of the Exam 4 section is 53 multiple choice questions Exam 4 section will cover all of Lectures 29 30 and Lectures 31 36 Also Chapters 20 26 This section is worth 18 of your course grade There are some exam questions that are not on this list so be sure that you study all the material The things on the list below you absolutely must know For Quizzes 8 9 and 10 know what you missed why you missed it and know the correct answer Know which Gram positive bacteria can cause forms of Toxic Shock Syndrome Know all of the names of the herpes virus that causes chickenpox and shingles Know the type of virus that causes warts Know what type of polio vaccine is currently recommended by the CDC enhanced inactive polio vaccine Know the major characteristics of rabies transmission prevention and treatment Know which protozoan species can cause meningitis and which bacterial species can cause meningitis Know how botulinum toxin acts to damage the host when it is ingested Know which type of bacteria has LPS endotoxin and can cause endotoxic shock Be able to identify Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria by name for example all Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species are Gram positive etc Staphylococcus Gram positive Streptococcus gram positive Corynebacterium gram positive Listeria gram negative Haemophilus Influenzae gram negative Neisseria gram negative Clostridium boltulism gram negative Brucella gram negative Rickettsia gram negative Legionella pnueophila gram negative Helicobacter gram negative Know why brucellosis is called undulant fever Know which infectious agent causes Lyme disease Know what arthropod transmits the bacterium that causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever For the diseases of the circulatory system that we covered know which are caused by bacteria and which are caused by protozoa Easier to remember protozoa and rest is bacteria Bacteria Anthrax Bacillus anthracis Tularemia Francisella tularensis Brucellosis Undulant Fever Brucella spp Gas Gangrene Clostridium perfringens Relapse Fever Cat Scratch Disease Lyme Disease Rat Bite fever Plague Erhlichiosis Anaplasmosis Typhus Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Protozoa Chagas Disease American trypanosomiasis Toxoplasmosis Malaria Leishmaniasis Babesiosis Know the infectious agent that causes Chagas disease and the infectious agents that cause sleeping sickness Know the approximate number of tuberculosis cases in the US figure from 2012 given in lecture notes Know which type of hypersensitive response is involved in a positive tuberculosis skin test Know which bacterial respiratory infection is transmitted primarily by inhalation of contaminated water droplets from cooling systems Know what the spike proteins on the influenza virus are called and how the type of spike is described in the name of each specific influenza strain Know which infectious agent causes primary atypical pneumonia Know which bacterial infection of the intestine is usually produced by elimination of normal intestinal flora by a course of antibiotics Colistridium Gastroenteritis virus Know what organ of the digestive system is infected by the mumps Know approximately how many people in the US are chronically infected with hepatitis C Know how Helicobacter pylori neutralizes stomach acid Ammonia from the activity of bacterial urease neutralizes HCl Of the major infectious diseases of the digestive system that we covered be able to distinguish the names of causative agents that are fungal vs those that are bacterial only two fungal assume rest is bacterial Know the name of the disease in which tapeworm larvae become lodged in tissues such as muscle eye or brain Know the most common type of helminthic infection worldwide Know why women are prone to urinary tract infections than men Know the type of bacteria that are the normal flora of the vagina Know the main characteristics of the tertiary stage of syphilis Know the major causes of pelvic inflammatory disease Know the causative agent of bacterial vaginosis Know which bacterial disease of the digestive system is particularly dangerous for malnourished people and people taking antacids and why Know the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis in children Know in what host tissue the cysts of the worm Trichinella are most likely to lodge muscle tissue in humans definitive host intestinal walls in pigs intermedeiate host Know the definition of salpingitis infection of the uterine fallopian tubes Know the characteristics of congenital syphilis and how it is passed to the fetus in pregnancy Know the symptoms we discussed of the respiratory infection diphtheria and the causative agent Comprehensive section This section is worth 5 of your course grade There will be at least 60 questions on the comprehensive section The best study strategy for the comprehensive section is to review the questions on Exams 1 2 and 3 and on Quizzes 1 7 Don t just read the questions and memorize There may be differences in the choices Be sure to look up the information in each question in your lecture notes
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