MCB TEST 31. Skin is difficult for bacteria to colonize because it is _____________A. DryB. AcidicC. SaltyD. OilyE. All of these2. ______________ showed that improved sanitation decreases the incidence of epidemic typhus.A. NightingaleB. SnowC. PasteurD. SemmelweisE. Koch3. A sexually transmitted disease is an example of transmission by ___________.A. Direct ContactB. VectorC. FomiteD. DropletE. Vehicle4. Yellow fever transmitted by a mosquito is an example of transmission by ____________.A. DropletB. VehicleC. VectorD. FomiteE. Direct Contact 5. A nosocomial infection is _____________.A. Acquired during the coarse of hospitalizationB. Always caused by pathogenic bacteriaC. Always present but inapparent at the time of hospitalizationD. Always caused by medical personnelE. Only a result of surgery6. Poliovirus is ingested and gains access to tissues by which of the following portal of entries?A. SkinB. Mucous membranesC. ParenteralD. All of theseE. None of these7. Which of the following organisms would be most sensitive to natural penicillin?A. PeniccilliumB. Streptococcus pyogenesC. Penicillinase- producing Neisseria GonorrhoeaeD. MycoplasmaE. Common cold virus8. Which of the following statements about antibiotic resistance is NOT true?A. It may be spread horizontally from one bacterium to anotherB. It is found only in Gram-negative bacteriaC. It may be encoferred by genes encoded on a plasmid or a transposonD. It may be caused by inappropriate usage of antibiotics9. In Table 1, the most effective antibiotic against Staphylococcus aureus is ___________A. A.B. BC. CD. DE. Can’t tell 10. In table 1, which antibiotic would be most useful for treating and E. Coli infection?A. AB. BC. CD. DE. Can’t tell11. ___________ is the least abundant in the serum but plays important role in allergy disorder.A. IgGB. IgMC. IgAD. IgDE. IgE12. The most abundant class of antibodies in serum is ______________.A. IgGB. IgMC. IgAD. IgDE. IgE13. In Figure 1, which areas represent antigen-binding sites?A. a and bB. a and cC. b and cD. c and dE. b and d 14. In figure 1, which areas represent the variable domains?A. a and bB. a and cC. b and cD. c and dE. b and d 15. Which of the following would be selective against the tubercle bacillus?A. Isoniazid- inhibits mycolic acid synthesisB. Streptomycin- inhibits protein translationC. Vancomycin- inhibits peptidoglycan synthesisD. Streptogramin- inhibits protein synthesisE. Bacitracin- inhibits cell wall synthesis16. Which of the following strains of Legionella pneumophila most easily causes an infection?A. Strain A ID50=200 cfuB. Strain B ID50=5000 cfuC. Strain C ID50=50 cfuD. Strain D ID50=500 cfu17. The host immunity in response to infection of H1N1 influenza virus is and example of ____________A. Innate immunityB. Naturally acquired active immunityC. Naturally acquired passive immunityD. Artificially acquired active immunityE. Artificially acquired passive immunity18. Vaccination results in _______________A. Innate immunityB. Naturally acquired active immunityC. Naturally acquired passive immunityD. Artificially acquired active immunityE. Artificially acquired passive immunity19. Which of these groups of bacteria are the source of the most antibioticsA. Alpha- ProteobacteriaB. Beta- ProteobacteriaC. Gamma- ProteobacteriaD. Delta- ProteobacteriaE. Actinomycetes20. Which of the following is an effect of complement activation?A. Increased blood vessel permeabilityB. Increased phagocytic activityC. OpsonizationD. Bacterial cell lysisE. All of these21. The classical pathway for complement activation is initiated byA. Antigen- antibody reactionsB. Polysaccharides and C3bC. C5-C9D. Factors released from damaged tissuesE. Factors released from phagocytes22. Which of the following statements is true?A. Interferon attacks and dissolves invading virusesB. Interferon interacts with antigensC. Interferon acts against specific virusesD. Interferon is a secreted protein induced by a viral infectionE. Interferon competitively binds to viral receptors thus blocks viral entry into cells.23. Which of the following is not considered as a bacterial virulence factor?A. A membrane disrupting enzymeB. Cell wall componentsC. ToxinD. Bacterial factors involved in adhesion of bacteria to host cellsE. None of these24. Which of the following is not a protein?A. ExotoxinB. EndotoxinC. ToxoidD. AntitoxinE. Antibody25. Which of the following substances is given to patients exposed to Tetanus toxin.A. EndotoxinB. ToxoidC. ExotoxinD. EnterotoxinE. Antitoxin26. Hepatitis B virus surface antigen can be used in a(n)A. Inactivated whole-agent vaccineB. Attenuated whole-agent vaccineC. Conjugated vaccineD. Subunit vaccineE. Toxoid vaccine27. Which of the following cells are the main components of cell-mediated immune responseA. T-cellsB. B-memory cellsC. B-cellsD. Plasma cellsE. Macrophages28. Which of the following can be used as an antiviral therapeutic strategy?A. Inhibitor of viral attachment B. Inhibitor of viral proteaseC. Inhibitor of viral genome replication enzymeD. Inhibitor of viral uncoatingE. All of these29. Haemophilius influenzae B vaccine consisting of capsular polysaccharide and a protein is an example of an _____________A. Conjugated vaccineB. Subunit vaccineC. Nucleic acid vaccineD. Inactivated whole-agent vaccineE. Toxoid vaccine30. Which of the following agency publishes Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)A. WHOB. USDAC. FDAD. CDCE. NONE OF
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