CGS 2100 Exam 2 Chapter 6 Understanding and Assessing Hardware Evaluating Your System 1 Express Card Slot can allow for the addition of a solid state drive SSD eSATA or FireWire ports or other capabilities 2 System Evaluation a tool used to determine whether your computer system has the right hardware components to do wheat you want it to do 3 Core a complete processing section from a CPU embedded into one physical chip 4 Clock Speed dictates how many instructions the CPU can finish in one second 5 Cache Memory a form of random access memory that can be reached much more quickly than regular RAM 6 Front Side Bus FSB the main path for data movement in a system carrying data from the CPU to memory the video card and other components on the motherboard 7 Hyperthreading provides quicker processing of information by enabling a new set of instructions to start executing before the previous set has finished 8 CPU Usage Graph records your CPU usage for the past several seconds 9 Random Access Memory RAM your computers temporary storage space remembers everything needed to process the data into information 10 CPU Benchmarks measurements used to compare performance between processors 11 CPU usage the percentage of time the CPU is working 12 Volatile Storage storage cleared out when the computer is turned off 13 Nonvolatile storage allows for the storage of instructions when the computer is turned off 14 Memory Modules Memory Card small circuit boards that hold a series of RAM chips and fit into special slots on the mother boards 15 Physical Memory the amount of RAM that is actually sitting on your memory modules in your computer 16 Super Fetch used by Windows 7 monitors which applications you use the most and preloads then so that they will be ready to go 17 Kernel Memory the memory that you operating system uses 18 Hard Drive has the largest capacity of any storage device most economical option 19 Platter each plate of a hard drive 20 Solid State Drive SSD uses the same type of memory as a flash drive very little heat and no noise up to 1000 time faster than mechanical drives 21 External SATA a port that will connect to some external hard drives 22 RAID Redundant Array of Independent Disks a set of strategies for using more than one drive in a system 23 Video Card Video Adapter an expansion card that is installed inside your system unit to translate binary data into images you view on your monitor 24 Video Memory the RAM installed on a video card 25 Graphics Double Data Rate 5 a new standard of video memory 26 Graphics Processing Unit GPU performs work like the CPU but is specialized to handle 3D graphics and image and video processing with efficiency and speed 27 Bit Depth defines the color quality of the image displayed 28 Sound Card an expansion card that attaches to the motherboard inside the unit 29 3D sound Card advances sound reproduction beyond stereo sound 30 Moore s Law describes the pace at which the CPU improve 31 SATA Serial Advances Technology Attachment how interval hard drive connect using thin cables Chapter 7 Networking Connecting Computing Devices 1 Network two or more computers that are connected via software and hardware so that they can communicate with each other 2 Node the name for each device connected to a network 3 Network Administration tasks involved include installing new computers and devices monitoring the network updating and installing software configuring or setting up proper security for the network 4 Network Architecture the design of a network 5 Peer to Peer P2P each node on the network can communicate with other nodes on the network on the network 6 Client Server Network contains two type of computers 7 Client a computer on which users accomplish specific tasks and make requests 8 Server the computer that provides information ot resources to the client computers 9 Home Network Server designed to store media share media across a network and back up files on computers connected to the network 10 Home Area Network HAN a network located at home 11 Local Area Network LAN a network in which nodes are located within a small geographical area 12 Wide Area Network WAN made up of LANs connected over long distances 13 Metropolitan Area Network MAN typically a network of an entire city 14 Transmission Media establish communication channels between the nodes on a 15 Twisted Pair Cable made up of copper wires that are twisted around each other and network wired or wireless are surrounded by plastic jacket 16 Coaxial Cable consists of a single copper wire surrounded by layers of plastic 17 Fiber Optic Cable made up of plastic or glass fibers that transmit data at extremely fast speeds 18 Data Transfer Rate Bandwidth the maximum speed at which data can be transferred between two nodes on the network 19 Throughput the actual speed of data transfer that is achieved 20 Network Adapters devices installed in network nodes that enable the nodes to communicate with each other and to access the network 21 Network Interface Card NIC network adapters installed inside the device 22 Network Navigation Devices control the flow of data through a network 23 Packet a bundle of data 24 Router transfers packages of data between two or more networks 25 Network Operating System NOS controls client server networks 26 Internet Service Providers ISPs where internet access is purchased 27 Digital Subscriber Line DSL uses the same types of wiring used in standard phone lines to connect your computer to the internet 28 Fiber Optics Service uses plastic or glass cables to transfer data at the speed of light 29 Wireless Fidelity Wi Fi allows for wireless access of the internet 30 Ethernet Network uses the Ethernet protocol as the means by which the nodes on 31 Backward Compatibility the ability of devices to be able to previously issued the network communicate standards 32 Transceiver a device that translates the electronic data that needs to be sent along the network into radio waves and then broadcasts then to other networks 33 Multiple Input Multiple Output MIMO uses multiple antenna for sending and 34 Gigabit Ethernet the most commonly used wireless internet standard 35 Unshielded Twisted Pair UTP Cable composed of four twisted wires to reduce 36 Cat 6 Cable designed to achieve data transfer rates that support a gigabyte 37 Hacker someone who breaks into a computer system to creat mischief or steal 38 Piggyback connecting to a wireless network other than your own without the receiving
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