AMD creator Resolution Nonimpact printer Impact printer Motherboard Hugely marketed computer first 64 kb memory The density of the pixels clearness of sharpness of image high the resolution the closer the pixels are Includes inkjet most popular laser printer Tiny hammer like keys that strike the paper making marks on paper Main circuit board houses power source and all the storage devices Random Access Memory RAM Volatile Storage Where the programs and data the computer is currently using is stored only used when ON Temporary storage biggest difference between RAM and secondary storage is the length of time it is stored Complementary metal oxide semiconductor CMOS Used for memory while computer is powered off Conducting Memory System CMO Central Processor Unit CPU Controls all the functions performed by the computers other components and processes all the commands issued to it by software instructions housed in silicon chips to speed up gets data from cache when multiple ones on a single chip known as multiple processor typical word size of PC s CPU is 32 or 64 bits when reading program fetches and executes instructions from program Computers clock speed billions of machine cycles per second 0 or 1 binary machine has two components on or off Gigahertz Binary digit Kilobyte 1 000 bytes 1 Billion bytes 1 000 megabytes Megabyte 1 Million bytes Gigabyte Terabyte Petabyte Bit One byte Two bytes 1 Trillion bytes Largest unit Represents 0 225 Represents 0 65535 Smallest unit made up of 8 bytes Mbit 1 million bits logical group of 8 bits is an octet American Standard Code for Information Interchange ASCII Backward compatibility Old software works with new core 17 chip can handle previous processing by core 2 duo Peripheral device Input device Output device Nanoseconds Component such as a monitor or keyboard that is connected to the computer Entering data into computer keyboards mice stylus Bluetooth touchpad touch screen microphone Sends processed data out of computer in form of text sound pics video monitor speakers printer Unit used to measure the time it takes for the processor to retrieve data from memory Additive Color Synthesis Process of creating colors by combining colored lights primary colors red green blue Optical Character Recognition OCR Pen Scanner When dragged across a line of printed text acts as an OCR Typical mouse uses reflected light to detect movement Engelbart popular mouse Detect physical conditions such as temperature and humidity Saves current document Divided into tracks and sectors read randomly Same thing but DVD holds more memory DVD pits packed closer Write one read many WORM Optical disk drive Uses laser beams to read and write bits of data on reflective aluminum Common storage device on mainframe computers but now on PC s Consists of several platters Mouse Sensors CTRL S Magnetic disks DVD vs CD Tape Drive Hard disk Video digitizer Compatibility Magnetic tape Device captures an analog video signal and converts it to a digital singal that can be stored in memory and displayed on a computer screen Software being able to run on the computer Reads sequentially Universal Product Codes UPCs Must be done in order for a computer to recognize and understand analog data to play digitized sound do NOT compress the file Bar code readers use light to read these Trackpoint Digitizing Tiny orange button in middle of keyboard Analog to digital converter ADC Converts electrical charges into digital values Public Domain Software Free publicly used and available Proprietary Software Not free and closed off to public access Clusters Sectors on disk drives are grouped into these Windows explorer A file management system Virtualization Numeric codes Machine language Program counter Allows multiple operating systems to be simultaneously active on one physical machine Keeps track of the address of the next instruction Set of computer instructions designed to solve a specific problem Compilers and translators are a form of this Program Software Upgrading Process of eliminating problems and errors and improving the software High level language Java Unicode Device driver User interface Able to recognize different languages such as German French etc Program that allows I O devices to communicate with the computer The look and feel of the computing experience from a human point of view Instruction Execution cycle three step rhythm 1 Fetch the instruction 2 3 Execute the instruction Increment the program counter End user license agreement EULA Virtual memory Fragmented File Web application Allocated noncontiguous clusters Useful when there isn t enough RAM to store all the necessary data and instructions for currently running applications Collection of web pages that can be edited by anyone Wikipedia Virtual market application Application designed for a particular business Shareware Operating System OS Free at first as a trial but a purchase is later required Location of all programs and files in computer file system bridge between your application software and computer hardware responsible for authentication Hardware Physical components of computer you can touch Graphical User Interface GUI Displays graphics and use the point and click technology of the cursor and the mouse Speaker independence Softwares ability to recognize words w o being trained by a specific speaker Are NOT more expensive than producing a product major disadvantage not reality Realistic term that captures the idea that the info that comes out of a computer system is only as good and accurate as the data going into it Word processor shows you the words on the screen formatted almost exactly how they appear on printed page Sophisticated software that interprets pen movements as characters and words Handwriting technology Center justification Both margins are ragged Ability to capture a sequence of reusable steps Use mail merge to create this creating form letters that appears to be personally addressed mail merge Simulations GIGO WYSIWYG Macro Form letter Quicken Groupware Popular specialized accounting software program Software designed to be used by several people simultaneously Spreadsheet programs Answers what if questions Speech recognition software Digital paper Looks for patterns in sound waves and interprets sounds by locating familiar patterns Smooth text on monitor but not on printed paper Introduced PageMaker software to the desktop publishing world e paper Formula with absolute reference b 4 b 5
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