CGS 2100 Exam 2Chapter 6- Understanding and Assessing Hardware, Evaluating Your System1. Express Card Slot: can allow for the addition of a solid-state drive (SSD), eSATA or FireWire ports, or other capabilities.2. System Evaluation: a tool used to determine whether your computer system has the right hardware components to do wheat you want it to do.3. Core: a complete processing section from a CPU embedded into one physical chip4. Clock Speed: dictates how many instructions the CPU can finish in one second5. Cache Memory: a form of random access memory that can be reached much more quickly than regular RAM6. Front Side Bus (FSB): the main path for data movement in a system, carrying data from the CPU to memory, the video card and other components on the motherboard7. Hyperthreading: provides quicker processing of information by enabling a new set of instructions to start executing before the previous set has finished8. CPU Usage Graph: records your CPU usage for the past several seconds9. Random Access Memory (RAM): your computers temporary storage space, remembers everything needed to process the data into information10. CPU Benchmarks: measurements used to compare performance between processors11. CPU usage: the percentage of time the CPU is working12. Volatile Storage: storage cleared out when the computer is turned off13. Nonvolatile storage: allows for the storage of instructions when the computer is turned off14. Memory Modules (Memory Card): small circuit boards that hold a series of RAM chips and fit into special slots on the mother boards15. Physical Memory: the amount of RAM that is actually sitting on your memory modules in your computer16. Super Fetch: used by Windows 7, monitors which applications you use the most and preloads then so that they will be ready to go17. Kernel Memory: the memory that you operating system uses18. Hard Drive: has the largest capacity of any storage device, most economical option 19. Platter: each plate of a hard drive20. Solid State Drive (SSD): uses the same type of memory as a flash drive, very little heat and no noise, up to 1000 time faster than mechanical drives21. External SATA: a port that will connect to some external hard drives22. RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks): a set of strategies for using more than one drive in a system23. Video Card (Video Adapter): an expansion card that is installed inside your system unit to translate binary data into images you view on your monitor24. Video Memory: the RAM installed on a video card25. Graphics Double Data Rate 5: a new standard of video memory26. Graphics Processing Unit (GPU): performs work like the CPU but is specialized to handle 3D graphics and image and video processing with efficiency and speed27. Bit Depth: defines the color quality of the image displayed28. Sound Card: an expansion card that attaches to the motherboard inside the unit29. 3D sound Card: advances sound reproduction beyond stereo sound30. Moore’s Law: describes the pace at which the CPU improve31. SATA (Serial Advances Technology Attachment): how interval hard drive connect, using thin cablesChapter 7: Networking, Connecting Computing Devices1. Network: two or more computers that are connected via software and hardware so that they can communicate with each other2. Node: the name for each device connected to a network3. Network Administration: tasks involved include installing new computers and devices, monitoring the network, updating and installing software, configuring or setting up proper security for the network4. Network Architecture: the design of a network5. Peer to Peer (P2P): each node on the network can communicate with other nodes onthe network6. Client/Server Network: contains two type of computers7. Client: a computer on which users accomplish specific tasks and make requests8. Server: the computer that provides information ot resources to the client computerson the network9. Home Network Server: designed to store media, share media across a network and back up files on computers connected to the network10. Home Area Network (HAN): a network located at home11. Local Area Network (LAN): a network in which nodes are located within a small geographical area12. Wide Area Network (WAN): made up of LANs connected over long distances13. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): typically a network of an entire city14. Transmission Media: establish communication channels between the nodes on a network, wired or wireless15. Twisted Pair Cable: made up of copper wires that are twisted around each other andare surrounded by plastic jacket16. Coaxial Cable: consists of a single copper wire surrounded by layers of plastic17. Fiber Optic Cable: made up of plastic or glass fibers that transmit data at extremely fast speeds18. Data Transfer Rate (Bandwidth): the maximum speed at which data can be transferred between two nodes on the network19. Throughput: the actual speed of data transfer that is achieved20. Network Adapters: devices installed in network nodes that enable the nodes to communicate with each other and to access the network21. Network Interface Card (NIC): network adapters installed inside the device22. Network Navigation Devices: control the flow of data through a network23. Packet: a bundle of data24. Router: transfers packages of data between two or more networks25. Network Operating System (NOS): controls client/server networks26. Internet Service Providers (ISPs): where internet access is purchased27. Digital Subscriber Line (DSL): uses the same types of wiring used in standard phone lines to connect your computer to the internet28. Fiber Optics Service: uses plastic or glass cables to transfer data at the speed of light29. Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi): allows for wireless access of the internet30. Ethernet Network: uses the Ethernet protocol as the means by which the nodes on the network communicate31. Backward Compatibility: the ability of devices to be able to previously issued standards32. Transceiver: a device that translates the electronic data that needs to be sent along the network into radio waves and then broadcasts then to other networks33. Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO): uses multiple antenna for sending and receiving data34. Gigabit Ethernet: the most commonly used wireless internet standard35. Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Cable: composed of four twisted wires to reduce electrical interface36. Cat 6 Cable: designed to achieve data transfer rates that support a gigabyte37.
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