CTE3431 Quiz 2 Chapter 5 Color Management Seasonal Color Palettes The color range will be influenced by How the line is merchandised The number of deliveries The fashion and price point level of the line The characteristics of the target market Summer is smaller seasonal color palettes spring and fall are bigger South mostly spring and summer colors Merchandising Considerations Coordinates groups of items that are designed to stimulate the purchase of multiple pieces merchandise that all works together Color harmonies how colors are used in patterns prints or ensembles Monochromatic single hue Analogous 3 next to each other Complementary opposite one another Relating Color Palettes to Target Markets Age and Life Stage variance of customer ages Fashion Level couture vs affordable Personal coloring Geographic location Consider both weather patterns and regional preferences Swimsuits for south coats for north When marketing globally color adaptation may be requires for cultures where color symbolism is deeply embedded End Use Each category of apparel Swimwear Active sportswear Dresses Outerwear interprets color differently might not want to wear a gray bathing suit but a gray suit or jacket is popular Kids bright colors Mens neutrals dominate regardless or season and white sells Managing the color story Each color is named to identify it throughout the process of ordering fabric and materials all the way to selling it to the consumer Most brands stores have color stories Color Science Color and light change in color between two samples that are considered a Color constancy Flair inconstancy a color perceived to match a standard regardless of the light source a color reading as a slightly different color under different light Observer metamerism occurs when two observers perceive a match differently to Illuminant metamerism match under one light source and not a match under another sources related to color hue rather than color recipe one eye the pair matches but to the other s it does not different angles distance Field size metamerism describes a pair that is a good match when viewed from a Geometric metamerism occurs when identical colors appear different when viewed a Hue the property of light by which the color of an object is classified as one of the hue families of the light spectrum Colors that have hue are called chromatic colors achromatic would be white black and gray Value is the quality by which we distinguish light colors from dark colors Light colors may be referred to ask tint and a shade refers to a color mixed with black to darken the color Chroma refers to a color s saturation or degree of departure from the neutral of Color Attributes Color Temperature is used to describe a color s apparent warmth or coolness in the same value relation to another color Creating and Mixing Colors Additive System Subtractive System Explains how color light is mixed think stage lighting Describes how pigments are mixed think paints and inks Combining Color Mixing Systems The entire range of colors that can be achieved in a medium or material is referred to as a color gamut Computer software programs usually use either two scales for mixing color RGB red green blue or CMYK cyan magenta yellow black Color Notation Systems Color systems rely on visual representations of color that show how colors relate to one another in respect to their attributes of hue value and chroma arrangements are sometimes referred to as color solids Munsell notates using hue H value V and chroma C which is notated HV C Color Management Begins at the moment the seasonal color palette is determined and continues until the product reaches the store Would be knowing the of a sale of new merchandise and how each color of the new product was doing Checking if projections are on track Begins in trend forecasting but continues on selling floor Color Standards and Color Matching Systems Color standards allow each partner in the supply chain to match the component it visual fabric reference with color code data Color standard Color matching system is producing to the same standard given material such as paper cotton wool polyester or silk Polyester and silk substrates provide a glossy color standard Cotton and wool substrates result in a matte version Munsell s color standards and SCOTDIC Commercial Color Matching Systems identifies the range of color that can be produced on a the Standard Color of Textile Dictionaire Internationale de la Couleur SCOTDIC applies to the Munsell Color order system the Pantone Matching System uses a 6 digit numerical code Color Solutions International CSI offers a library of color standards and the option of developing custom color standards These are the 3 most commonly used Commercially managed code identifier Important to manage color story and communicate details Color Approval process Lab dips A master list is developed that identifies colors by Brand Name Delivery And the color code that correlates to the color system Visual Color Approval or from lot to lot May result in a need for shade sorting Digital Color Approval Even after careful color approvals the shade of a color may still vary within a roll Accurate color management depends on imputing measurable color standards so that they can be translated digitally for accurate output Digital color visualization technology now allows color managers to approve lab dips on the computer screen maintaining color integrity throughout the supply chain What drives profitable business is a hot item most accurate method of evaluating color matching of fabric digital spectrophotometer Prints and Yarn Dyed Fabrics Must be submitted as one full repeat of pattern in the form of A strike off actual color placement on the fabric A computed aided design CAD file with a color key of all colors that appear within the print Road map the inspiration of a delivery farther out the commitment to color less data is there to analyze if it will work making digital process helpful Color Measurement Instruments Colorimeters use filters in combination with a light source and detector to emulate the three color response functions of the eye Spectrometers compare the amount of light used to illuminate an object with the amount of light that is reflected back from that object Preferred instrument Illuminants The two light sources that lab dips are measured under one stimulates store light and the other stimulates daylight Viewing Geometry in a spectrometer Color