FSU CTE 3431 - Chapter 5 – Color Management

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CTE3431 – Quiz 2Chapter 5 – Color Management Seasonal Color Palettes The color range will be influenced by: How the line is merchandised The number of deliveries The fashion and price point level of the line The characteristics of the target market Summer is smaller seasonal color palettes, spring and fall are bigger South = mostly spring and summer colors Merchandising Considerations Coordinates: groups of items that are designed to stimulate the purchase of multiple pieces, merchandise that all works together Color harmonies: how colors are used in patterns, prints or ensembles• Monochromatic (single hue)• Analogous (3 next to each other)• Complementary (opposite one another) Relating Color Palettes to Target Markets Age and Life Stage (variance of customer ages) Fashion Level (couture vs. affordable  Personal coloring Geographic location• Consider both weather patterns and regional preferences• Swimsuits for south, coats for north• When marketing globally, color adaptation may be requires for cultures where color symbolism is deeply embedded  End Use• Each category of apparel:♦ Swimwear♦ Active sportswear♦ Dresses♦ Outerwear... interprets color differently(might not want to wear a gray bathing suit, but a gray suit or jacket is popular)♦ Kids – bright colors♦ Mens – neutrals dominate regardless or season and white sells! Managing the color story Each color is named to identify it throughout the process of ordering fabric and materials all the way to selling it to the consumer Most brands/stores have color stories Color Science Color and light Illuminant metamerism: change in color between two samples that are considered a match under one light source and not a match under another Color constancy: a color perceived to match a standard regardless of the light source Flair (inconstancy): a color reading as a slightly different color under different light sources; related to color hue rather than color recipe Observer metamerism : occurs when two observers perceive a match differently; to one eye, the pair matches but to the other’s it does not Geometric metamerism : occurs when identical colors appear different when viewed a different angles Field-size metamerism: describes a pair that is a good match when viewed from a distance  Color Attributes Hue – the property of light by which the color of an object is classified as one of the hue families of the light spectrum• Colors that have hue are called chromatic colors, achromatic would be white, black and gray Value – is the quality by which we distinguish light colors from dark colors.• Light colors may be referred to ask tint, and a shade refers to a color mixed with black to darken the color Chroma – refers to a color’s saturation, or degree of departure from the neutral of the same value Color Temperature – is used to describe a color’s apparent warmth or coolness in relation to another color Creating and Mixing Colors Additive System • Explains how color light is mixed (think stage lighting) Subtractive System• Describes how pigments are mixed (think paints and inks) Combining Color-Mixing Systems• The entire range of colors that can be achieved in a medium or material is referred to as a color gamut. • Computer software programs usually use either two scales for mixing color: RGB (red, green, blue) or CMYK (cyan, magenta, yellow black) Color Notation Systems Color systems rely on visual representations of color that show how colors relate to one another in respect to their attributes of hue, value and chroma… arrangements are sometimes referred to as color solids.  Munsell notates using hue (H), value (V) and chroma (C), which is notated HV/C Color ManagementBegins at the moment the seasonal color palette is determined and continues until the product reaches the store Would be knowing the % of a sale of new merchandise and how each color of the new product was doingChecking if projections are on trackBegins in trend forecasting but continues on selling floor Color Standards and Color Matching Systems• Color standards allow each partner in the supply chain to match the component it is producing to the same standard• Color standard – visual fabric reference with color code data• Color matching system – identifies the range of color that can be produced on a given material such as paper, cotton, wool, polyester or silk.• Polyester and silk substrates provide a glossy color standard• Cotton and wool substrates result in a matte version• (Munsell’s color standards and SCOTDIC) Commercial Color-Matching Systems• the Standard Color of Textile Dictionaire Internationale de la Couleur (SCOTDIC) applies to the Munsell Color order system• the Pantone Matching System uses a 6 digit numerical code• Color Solutions International (CSI) offers a library of color standards and the option of developing custom color standards • These are the 3 most commonly used. Commercially managed code identifier• Important to manage color story and communicate details! Color Approval process• Lab dips• A master list is developed that identifies colors by:♦ Brand♦ Name♦ DeliveryAnd the color code that correlates to the color system Visual Color Approval• Even after careful color approvals, the shade of a color may still vary within a roll or from lot to lot • May result in a need for shade sorting Digital Color Approval• Accurate color management depends on imputing measurable color standards so that they can be translated digitally for accurate output• Digital color-visualization technology now allows color managers to approve lab dips on the computer screen, maintaining color integrity throughout the supply chain• What drives profitable business is a hot item!• most accurate method of evaluating color matching of fabric = digital, spectrophotometer Prints and Yarn-Dyed Fabrics• Must be submitted as one full repeat of pattern in the form of:♦ A strike-off: actual color placement on the fabric♦ A computed-aided design (CAD) file with a color key of all colors that appear within the print♦ Road map = the inspiration of a delivery♦ *farther out the commitment to color, less data is there to analyze if it will work, making digital process helpful Color Measurement


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