Media,'Sports,'and'Society'(Studyguide)'• Distinctiveness'of'Media'Sports'o It's'reality'factor'o 'The'true'reality'program"'not'many'other'live'shows'on'air' The'unpredictability'of'it' Uncertainty,,suspense,,psychological,responses,to,unpredictability,o Regular/periodic'scheduling' Appointment'viewing'' Scheduled'programming'• CollegeE'Saturday'• ProfessionalE'Sunday/Monday'nights'etc' Known'viewers'will'tune'in'• Fans'know'the'scheduled'time'o International'Literacy' Basic'rules'of'sports'are'universal' Sports'translate'mostly'the'same'to'every'culture' Sports'are'distinct'from'other'forms'of'content'o Loyalty'engendered'by'teams/athletes/coaches'o "ZapEproof"'programming' Don’t'fast'forward'o Integration'of'sports'and'media'companies' Distinct'media'which'warrants'a'different'type'of'attention'• Sports'o What'is'sport/are'sports?' A'particular'form'of''"play"'o What'is'play?' Hallmark'of'human'existence' On'some'level'is'about'practicing'skills'that'can'be'used'in'real'or'everyday'life'as'well'as'survival'techniques' Single'definition'is'debated'• Is'it'an'activity'or'a'quality?'o The'distinction'between'work'or'play'• If'an'activity,'then'requires'leisure'time' **Activity''Leisure'time''o The'period'of'time'where'we'can'choose'what'we'want'to'do'o Historically'leisure'time'is'defined'by'bank'account' **Leisure'time''bank'account''• NonESerious/Amusing'• What'if'it'has'goals?''o Then'a'"game"' ***Goals''Game''• But'not'all'play'is'goal'oriented'• Play'is'NOT'work,'sleep,'eating,'ritual'• Play'is'intrinsically'motivating'(selfEsatisfying)'o Highly'attractive'o Involves'a'change'in'perceived'reality' In'play'it'is'acceptable'to'do'certain'things'(block,'steal'the'ball'etc.)'o Frequently'repeating' **PLAY''intrinsically'motivating,'highly'attractive,'involves'a'change,'acceptable'to'block/steal/etc,'repeating'' Sports'for'our'purposes:'• Sport:'Play'activity'governed'by'a'set'of'rules,'typ ically'competitive'in'nature,'where'the'physical'capabilities'of'competitors'solely,'or'at'least'primarily,'determine'the'outcome'• Sport'itself'(team'vs.'individual):'limits?'• Leagues'• Teams/clubs'• Individual'players/athletes' **Sports'a'subset'of'play'and'play'a'subset'of'leisure'activity'• SPORT:'set'of'rules,'competitive,'physical'capabilities'of'the'outcome'comes'from'the'players,'team/individual/leagues/teams/clubs'• Media'o Multinational'corporations'worth'billions'of'dollars'o Content'creators/producers'o Marketing'outlets'o Channels'of'distribution' MEDIA:'$$$,'creators,'marketing'outlets,'channels'of'distribution''o For'our'purposes:' Print:'newspapers,'magazines,'books' Traditional:'TV,'radio,'film' New:'internet,'video'games,'mobile'devices'o Many'angles'that'media'can'cover'• Audiences'o For'our'purposes,'individuals'differentiated'by' Demographics:'age,'gender,'ethnicity,'geography' Psychographics:'fandom,'personality'variables,'values'held'• ***Audiences'are'different'by''age,'gender,'ethnicity,'geography,'fandom'(famous'person),'personality'variables'and'values'held'• Audiences'need'"play"'o We'can'seek'this'through'sports'or'media' **Audiences''PLAY'(Sports/media)'• Sports'need'fans'o As'a'business'entity'they'need'fans'o Come'from'audiences' **Sports''Fans'(Audiences)'• Sports'need'exposure'and'money'o Builds'from'growing'media''o Sports'rely'on'media'for'this'• Media'needs'money'o Comes'from'advertisers'• Advertisers'need'consumers'o Come'from'media'• Media'needs'reach'to'gain'money'o Comes'from'audiences'• Media'needs'content'that'"reaches"'audiences'o Comes'from'sports'• ***Audiences''play'(sports/media)'• ***Sports''fans'(audience)'• ***Sports''exposure/money'(media)'• ***Media''money'(advisors)'• ***Advertisers''customers'(media)'• ***Media''reach'to'gain'$$'(Audiences)'• ***Media''content'that'“reaches”'audiences'(sports)'• Audiences'elect'or'accept'legitimacy'(authority)'o From'governing'bodies'o Create;rules;and;regulations'to'create'guidelines'for'sports'and'programs'to'follow'o Regulations'give'legitimacy'to'sports' **Rules'are'set'for'sports'by'electing'some'sort'of'authority'to'set'those'regulations''• Governing'bodies''protects'integrity'of'the'sports,'regulate'advertisers'and'media'and'sports'o Sports'lobby'against'governing'bodies''• Governing'bodies'serve'or'"protect'integrity"'of'the'sports'o In'order'for'the'audiences'to'continue'watching/supporting'them'• Governing'bodies'regulate'o Regulate'advertisers'and'media'and'sports'• Sports'then'lobby''o Against'the'governing'bodies' Ex.'rebelling'against'approved'pre'game'NFL'clothing'• Players'get'fined'if'they'do'not'wear'approved'clothing'for'practice'''• Hittites'(circa'1800'BCE)'o 2nd'century'BC''o **Introduced'sport'for'play'AND'pleasure'o Competitively'o **Earliest'sport'heads''• Minoans'(circa'1600BCE)'o ~Bull'Leaping~' Basically'like'gymnastics'on'a'bull' Done'as'something'for'others'to'view' **Spectator'sport' Sport'like'display/competition'in'conjunction'with'religion'was'extremely'important'******'• The'intricate'drawings'meant'that'the'sport'like'orientation'meant'a'lot'to'their'culture'• Homer's;Iliad;and;Odyssey;and;First;Olympic;Games'(776E725'BCE)'o Greeks'had'the'biggest'contribution'to'the'evolution'of'sports' **Evolution'of'sports''Greeks''o Greatest'contribution'from'the'beginning'of'the'Olympic'Games' Began'as'a'religious'festival'celebrating'all'the'Gods'(Zeus'etc.)' Also'to'celebrate'human'achievement'' 1'game'every'4'years' Early'one'were'not'sport'competitions' There'was'only'one'event'when'the'games'began'• A'50'yard'dash' Built'in'to'the'religious'ceremony' As'the'Olympics'developed'more'sports'were'added'to'the'games'• Footraces,'archer,'MMA'style'fighting,'javelin'throw,'discus'throw,'long'jump,'high'jump,'etc.' Milo;of;Croton'• Only'6'time'Olympic'champion'in'the'same'event'o Wrestling'competition'• The'day'after'he'won'every'4'years'he'would'put'a'calf'on'his'shoulders'for'4'years'until'the'next'game'where'he'would'bring'in'the'4'year'old'cow'and'it'would'be'killed'and'eaten'• Milo'is'the'first'person'to'be'known'for'being'an'"athlete"'