Notes for Exam #4Continued from the notes from exam #3….Sports and Femininity Framing- “Playing Unfair clip”- The media Image of Female Athletes o How are woman athletes portrayed?  Woman are portrayed in a hyper sexualized ways: “Sexuality”- Sexualityo Female athletes are far more likely to be depicted in sexualized and hyperfeminine ways o Why?  Likely reflects strong cultural anxieties over changing definition of femininity and masculinity  But this reality undermines the power of women as athletes, especially as a challenge to traditional notions of masculinity  Individual athletes may choose to buy into this for various reasons, but still must consider effects on both women and men -Infantilizationo Woman athletes are related in a “childlike” way What does this term suggest? -Idea that the rhetoric used about women makes them look subservient to guys-Softness, weakness, wholesome, high morals, plays fairly, treats others nicely, plays down competition, innocence, youthfulness, “girl next door” o Announcers refer to woman in sports as “girls” and men in sports as “men.”o Woman are referred to as their first name and men are referred by their last name (this undercuts their importance)-Emotionalityo Level of emotion in the gameWomen cry moreTeam-oriented/moral boostersMen are talked about emotionally as “individuals” and woman are talked about as “teams.” -Women corporate and don’t necessarily compete. -Sexual Orientationo Lesbianism? “Threat of homosexuality/lesbianism”-WNBA has dealt with this the most. -Non-competitive roles: WNBA vs. NBAo Woman are shown through media with outside activities much more than men o WNBA has more rules- less exciting Profiles about women include EVERYTHING. Profiles of men athletes just talk about them as the player. “How the men perform in the game”-Women sports always have “lady” or “woman” before the title. o Ex: WNBA, LPGA tour, Women’s World Cup, Lady Raiders-Gender Markingo Less of a market for women Example: http://www.utsports.com/sports/w-baskbl/tenn-w-baskbl-body.html - Summary: “Inside the paint:” Tennessee basketball team hugging their parents, dancing around, eating food, at the Bahamas, jet skiing, showing thanksgiving break at free port, then they show theguys training, warming up, shows top 5 plays etc (all basketball related) o Live blog: “No it’s a fox game, those aren’t available online.” “Lang at 6'5 is a big presence, the rest of the lineupis small-is”- A few tweets Example: http://www.goladyraiders.com/ - Texas Tech: “Red Raider roundup:” Sports clip about the women’s basketball team, but the first 30 seconds are about when the boys will play. o Shows coach talking about what they’ll do for future gamesand showing them high-five  Background music says “touchdown red raiders” so that is directly primarily to boys - Summary: “Michigan outlast Texas Tech at Barlcays:” Short interview about how they will prepare for the next game  Example: http://www.latechsports.com/sports/w-baskbl/ - “Tech Defense key wins”o Shows no fans and only highlight shots that are short shot, not great plays. Only showed two three-pointers (not exciting)o Summary: “LaTech” Brief overview about women’s stats  Ex: FIFA World cup Brazil Germany 2011: FIFA women’s world cup PGA Tour Final Four Atlanta 2013 Women’s Final Four New Orleans-Aesthetics and “gender-specific” sportsSports and Masculinity (know these clips)- Framing three basic issues (clip: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ikDXcfzA848) o “Wrestling with manhood: Boys, Bullying and Battering:” Defending professional wrestling and how popular it is among young men. Why are people watching? Why is it affecting society? “I thought you were a man!” Women are there for the power of men (Men forcing themselves onto women) Shows that we’re entertained by beating up women. Society doesn’t make it a big deal. It is to ENTERTAIN YOU  Women: Shows girls spanking each other and being kissed by the wrestlers- They just stand there and hold signs - Growing female shorts=” All Stacy has to do is to take off Tricia’s clothes in 50 seconds Anything that is popular should be questioned, why are they are watching it?- Chairs over the head, cartoonlike violence = “happy violence”- “I lost to the better MAN” “I thought you were a MAN” “Face me likea MAN” Why are we entertained with men beating up women? Why do we find that funny?- Because we don’t take them seriously in the real world- “The way we take your mind off those things is to ENTERTAIN YOU”- Sports as venue for objectifying women (examples: http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/; http://bleacherreport.com/)  At the bottom of the site there are different topics to view: “Swim Daily” was all women in bikinis- “Olympian Hannah Teter on her 2010 swim shoot- Every article is about a man doing something athletic and only showing the women in a hyper sexuality lighto College Football Picks: Week 15 predictions for every game  Showing man’s strength in football - Sports as a place for “real men” (clip: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3exzMPT4nGI) o “Tough Guise: Violence, media and the crisis in masculinity  REAL man = TOUGH guyo Interviewer is a guy who works for anti-violence  “They have to put on that front to fit in their peer environment.”- Show young men defining what a “real man” is: Tough, masculine, competitive, strong, powerful, respected etc- There is a lot of pressure as a young boy to put on this act and fit into this box of how *tough guys are suppose to acto Latino usually viewed as: Boxers or criminalso Asians: Marshal arts, violence criminals Where do boys learn this? MEDIA! Family, friends, environment etc  Shows the difference of race and masculinity - Connection between being a MAN and VIOLENCEo Contemporary American masculine  85% of people that attempt murder are men 95% of dating violence is committed by men 85-95- child abuse- They say its because many men are abused as kids  Man on Man violenceo Girl interview: Says her guy friends walk around like they’re so tough, but when they get alone with her they arethe biggest babies about their problems. “They’ve got to betough when they’re around a lot of people.” Girls and women have an important role: Girls think that tough