Jaymie Ticknor Developmental Psychology 3620 Sect 853 22 and 25 November 2013 Lecture 33 GRDSD Chapter Powerpoint Sexual Orientation terminology LGBTQIA estimates of the prevalence of homosexuality are in the 5 8 range only 30 40 of sexual minorities come out process of coming out Stigma associated with LGBT accepting one s own sexual orientation exploring one s sexual orientation may continue to bring changes may hide true self born with tendency More testosterone in hypothalamus more likely to be heterosexual attracted to women deactivation of a gene caused by epigenome may cause release of hormones gender non conformity for kids on average gay people talk and move differently and may run in families and may not be completely genetic identical twins might be hormones the more older brothers a man has the greater likely the man will be gay body remembers having boys in the womb affect more with right handed people Lecture 34 Chapter 12 Powerpoint Social Relationship social world complex figure out and just know not so much told and social development social skills fundamental needs psychologically need human interaction and belongingness interpersonal psychotherapy treat depression sociability preference of social network you want to have extroverted outgoing seek to be in a crowd and introverted shy not talk much not like crowd prefer small group of people able to develop social skills may not like it social cognition understand social rules and norms Social Cognition theory of mind self and others act on the basis of our own mental states e g beliefs desires emotions and intentions ability to theorize other people s minds think everyone knows what someone else knows or thinks they know 3 5 years old begin to develop this Ecocentrism not understand different perspectives not developed theory of mind yet Mindblindness cannot separate thinking from expressing until a little older False belief understanding that others do may not know what you know separate from until 2 3 years old others False belief paradigm test to see if kids are able to separate themselves from others Development of Theory of Mind initial development b w 3 5 years old Facilitating factors parents discuss emotions instead of basic concepts like colors or shapes Inductive Discipline pointing to how others feel around middle childhood understand two people might interpret the same event differently in adolescence Recursive Thinking develops 10 12 years old I am thinking about what you are thinking about what I am thinking choose whether to please people or surprise people If developed earlier recognized as leader more empathizing towards others Effects of Theory of Mind usually cooperative interactions Hostile Attributional Bias not empathize towards others No cultural differences have been confirmed in development of theory of mind Toddlers and Preschoolers Toddlers mutual imitation repeat actions short attention span attracted to human face and anything new language development pretend play begins Conflicts over possessions sense of self reciprocal interactions between peers Preschoolers about 2 5 5 years old critical for social development and imagination stimulates cognitive development preoperational stage exercise creativity friendship formation based on mutually enjoyed activities fantasy play at more sophisticated levels among peers expression of emotions and social role through pretend play play therapy effective mode for preschoolers Motor movement pushing characters on TV imitation familiar home activities imagination
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