Unformatted text preview:

NEUROTRANSMITTERS Acetylcholine LEARNING AND MEMORY Location Pathways o Basal Nuclei o Frontal parietal occipital cortexes o Hippocampus o Medial septal nucleus Made from diet o Acetyl from sugar o Choline from diet lecithin Functions o Movement sensation judgment vision reward memory pain coordination Malfunction o Alzheimer s Norepinephrine AROUSAL Location Pathways o Locus Coeruleus o Everywhere Made through multiple steps o Tyrosine DOPA Dopamine Norepinephrine Released by o Any stimulant o Amphetamines epinephrine cocaine caffeine Function o Brain s ON switch o Locus coeruleus regulates arousal level Increase in acetylcholine glutamate sensory stimuli external signals Decrease in serotonin endorphins GABA sleep internal signals o Control fat metabolism Serotonin SLEEP DREAMING MOODS Location o Raphe Nuclei medial brain stem Ecstasy destroys this Pathways o Everywhere Made from Tryptophan in diet o Dietary tryptophan L tryptophan 5 HTP Serotonin Function o Most active during wake o Not on during REM Malfunctions o Hallucinogens turn off serotonergic neurons by 5HT 1A receptors Produce synesthesia Senses mixing o Anxiety Depression Increased levels of P11 protein linked to antidepressants GABA INHIBITION Location o Wide distribution in brain Made from glutamate from MSG Function o Produces IPSP s Opens chloride ion channels So does alcohol barbiturates o Allows sodium to flow in during AP o Controls anxiety effects of alcohol barbiturates benzodiazepines Glutamate NEUROPLASTICITY Location o Glutamate receptors Physiological o Fast synaptic transmission o Developmental plasticity o Learning and memory o Epilepsy Pathological o Symptomatic Chronic pain drug tolerance addiction alcohol abuse anxiety depression schizophrenia o Chronic Neuroplasticity Alzheimer s Huntington s Parkinson s Moto neuron disease o Acute Neuroplasticity Hypoxia stroke trauma hypoglycemia toxins Mutations o PCP blocks channels o Related to schizophrenia via alterations in Dysbindin Dopamine REWARD Location o Substantia nigra superior stem Pathway Striatum o Ventral tegmental area ventral superior stem Pathway Frontal Lobe Made by multiple steps o Diet tyrosine DOPA Dopamine Malfunctions o Cocaine blocks reuptake o Schizophrenia Too much dopamine o ADHD Functions o All rewarding things activate dopamine o Endogenous Marijuana Anandamide internal bliss Chocolate o CNS Cannabinoid system


View Full Document

OSU PSYCH 3313 - NEUROTRANSMITTERS

Download NEUROTRANSMITTERS
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view NEUROTRANSMITTERS and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view NEUROTRANSMITTERS and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?