HUM3321 EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE Institution Organization or establishment devoted to a cause Examples of common institutions Religious Banks Universities Marriage and Families Culture What is the purpose of institution To govern social order behavior by conveying ideology Ideology Body of doctrine guiding a social movement or institution Hegemony Leadership or dominance especially by one country or social group over others Gramsci Appears natural social consent Hegemony connects ideology to public culture Four aspects of cinematic institution Belton 1 Economic Designed to make money Establishes itself as an industry Industry establishes basic technology Industry establishes systems which are commodies Star systems Genre systems 2 Social 3 Technological Provides contact between people Communal activity Leisure time Dependent on products of industrial revolution Cameras screens Post industrial 4 Psychological want to see Encourages movie going habit by working what Americans Kinetoscope Allowed people to view a short 50 foot film 1839 1894 Kino movement scope to watch Invented by Thomas Edison Showed actualities Nickelodeon Small 200 seat theaters devoted exclusively to the showing of motion picture films called actualities Actualities included things such as documentaries Vaudeville acts recorded and scenes from popular plays Appealed to lower class because it was only 5 to view Movie Palace A Garden of Dreams luxurious beautiful theaters An escape from the dirty congested urban area Featured both films and other performers Motion Pictures Patent Company Sought control over all aspects of production distribution and exhibition Created in 1908 Producers began self censorship What would offend middle class Cinema began to create middle class Actors were owned by the studio 7 year contract Could be loaned to other studios Hayes Production Code Set of moral censorship guidelines that governed the production of most U S motion pictures between 1930 1968 Known as Hayes Code because of Hollywood s chief censor at the time RSA ISA Althusser force RSA Public domain one at a time dominant government agencies that use Examples in The Social Network The Courts Examples in Perks of Being a Wallflower The School ISA Private domain simultaneous church family educational non government agencies that teach beliefs Examples in The Social Network Harvard President Harvard law Final Club Men only RSA Dream Factories The studio system Coined by Hortense Powdermaker Factory which manufactures dreams 1950 anthropological study of film industry Major studios Paramount Lowe s 20th Century Fox Warner Brothers RKO exhibition of the films End of studio system Vertical Integration Studios now control the production marketing and Paramount Case 1948 Changed the way films were produced distributed and exhibited Strikes by labor union Change in leisure time activities Rise of independent production companies usually owned by the actors who starred in the films Blockbuster era fewer more expensive films Passive viewing Receiving or subjected to an action without responding or initiating an action in return Active viewing Thinking and forming opinions about what is being shown Meritocracy American Dream Idea that America is the land of limitless opportunity in which individuals can go as far as their own merit takes them A system in which able and talented persons are rewarded and advanced Marginalizing To regulate to a lower or outer edge We must not marginalize the poor in our society Othering US vs THEM school Example of othering in Perks of Being a Wallflower The outcasts at Semiotics Study of meaning Signifier signified semiotics ROSE red petal flower fond of Zeitgeist Spirit of the times Representation Hall Representation links signs in order to understand meaning semiotics Representation connects meaning and language through signs Culture constructs the meaning so it seems natural ex red means stop Meanings can change over time Shared Conceptual Map System by which things in the world are correlated with concepts or mental representations Concepts Chair bottle love war etc Shared conceptual maps make communication possible Symbol Language Communication requires the translation of conceptual maps into shared language of signs Signs words sounds images which represent concepts and carry meaning Language broadly understood System Just as conceptual maps relate concepts to one another relates concepts with signs Signs are arbitrary Narrative Pattern Refers to the way in which shots comprise a scene and in which scenes are woven together to give meaning to the entire picture May be linear or more complicated involving devices such as flashbacks or circularity Status quo Disruption Conflict Resolution of Conflict Narrative process follows an orderly pattern in which an initial state of affairs is introduced after which something occurs to disturb this equilibrium Subsequent events attempt to restore the original status quo but this is repeatedly frustrated and order is recovered only at the end of the film Exposition Rising Action Climax Falling Action Conclusion Example of narrative structure in The Social Network 3 Move to Cali Eduardo freezes account Sean arrested 2 FB Intro Stolen idea Sean Parker 4 Depositions 1 Meet mark 5 New Order Settlement Segmentation Process of analysis in which films are broken down into individual shots or sequences in order to discuss them as part of a larger whole Narrative units The general criteria of such analysis is expressed in dramatic unities of Action Time Space Circular Journey Modernist Circular Pattern The spatial movement of the film is away from a place and then back to it in a symmetrical pattern ex Chaplin s The Gold Rush the entire movie is a dream Journey to a New Place Move from locations and or psychological moves ex Some Like it Hot the film moves from Chicago to the train to Florida also moves from static and stereotypical gender norms toward an unstable questioning of those norms Modernist Manipulation of Time and Space A number or narrative perspectives are used ex Inside Man vital information is withheld until the end of the film tempting movie goers to form misperceptions which mirror the several racial misperceptions held by the characters in the film Narrative Structure The content of a story and the form used to tell the story Lighting Three Point Lighting Key Light the chief light used to light the main object of the shot Fill Light A weaker light used to
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