Racial Microaggressions o Brief and commonplace daily verbal behavioral or environmental indignities o The convey hostile derogatory or negative racial slights or insults toward people of color often unintentional inherited natural Aversive Racism o Egalitarian values operate on a conscious level Anti minority feelings are less conscious and generally covert o negative evaluations of racial ethnic minorities are realized by a persistent avoidance of interaction with other racial and ethnic groups o Difficult to identify may be more influential than overt Modern Symbolic Racism o Disclaiming of personal bigotry Strong and rigid adherence to values such as individualism self reliance hard work etc Biological Racism Microassault Microinsult o Overt bigotry stubborn and complete intolerance of any creed belief or opinion that differs from one s own o Explicit racial derogation may involve name calling avoidant behavior or a discriminatory act o Subtle snubs frequently unknown to the perpetrator ex a white teacher failing to acknowledge a black student in the classroom o Communications that exclude negate or nullify the psychological thoughts Microinvalidation Naturalization acc to Park et Al o Comedy often parodies feelings or experiential reality of a person of color ex complimenting an Asian American born and raised in the U S for speaking good English stereotypes and inverts them Regardless of intent racial jokes reinforce normalize and legitimize racial characteristics and hierarchies This process of naturalization discourages critical engagement Review comedy and its two fold relationship to stereotypes o Films usually use comedy to put forward stereotypes because it undermines the aggressiveness Reification o To convert into or to regard as a concrete thing Cross Racial Equality o In film or in real life all races are equal The French New Wave its effects on cinema o Explosion of film by first time directors New form of apprenticeship Combination of genres high and low film woven into a new cinematic tapestry o Cinematique Francaise Cinema Notebook The French 5 o Cinema Notebook film journal o French 5 watched film talked and argued about film and wrote passionately about them Theory and Film School vs the Auteur old way o Andrew Sarris The American Cinema 1968 Directors are authors of motion picture Encouraged Americans to look at their cinema Infatuation of the French Five with American directors makes American research into current past Hollywood products a necessity o American critics become film directors o Rise of film schools collapse of the studio system brings new talent to Hollywood Film becomes component of liberal arts Generation of film smart moviegoers Allusions to earlier films pepper movies directed by America s New Wave Pastiche o Imitation of a unique style or content of earlier works that lack any trace of satire or parody baby falling down steps example 1 Battleship Potemkin The Untouchables Scorsese o Taxi Driver o Plight of the ALIENATED INDIVIDUAL anti hero Exposes contradiction of the 1970 s America Vietnam Watergate Ronald Reagan o Postmodern artists convey incoherence that is social cultural reality of contemporary experience Nostalgia o A return to innocence less troubled times reap rewards American relative sociopolitical innocence o Back in time 1980 s see a nostalgic craze for 1950s 1960s music fashion lifestyles everything old is new again Meritocracy Meritocracy myth o Meritocracy a social system which allows people to achieve success proportionate to their talents and abilities hard work intelligence good positive attitude talent etc o There is a gap between how people think the system works and how it actually works o Two assumptions the impact of merit on economic outcomes is overestimated and factors unrelated to merit neutralize or negate the effects of individual merit Income wages and revenue wealth assets owned and net worth assets liabilities o Pathological values are passed Culture of Poverty Life Chances down generationally Anti work family and success Attitude that poor people are poor because they are lazy lack morals and are deviant o Life chances can be limited not necessarily accessible for every single person o Achieved or ascribed status o Inheritance social and cultural capital unequal starting points high standards of living insulation from downward mobility access to educational opportunities better health care knowing the right people o Luck o Education those w more education earn more opportunity not evenly distributed primarily reflection on family income o Entrepreneurship changes in manufacturing McNamee s argument to increase meritocracy Marx s view of reality and production o Reduce or eliminate discrimination encourage wealthy to redistribute wealth redesign the tax system to progressively close the distance between the top and bottom of system allocate more govt resources to provide more equal access to things like education and health care o Humanity has a natural and healthy relationship with the objects we produce and the services we perform They compliment each other When we interact in this environment we have better natural relationships with each other More of an egalitarian existence Marx Money Affect on the individual 1 What has money become It divides us and disrupts reality turns reality into its opposite it becomes God 2 The Individual Individual is judged by wealth value is reduced to their net worth lives in an inverted world What is a star acc to Marilyn Monroe Belton o Marilyn Only the public can make a star it s the studios who try to make a system out of it o Belton A star is an actor whose persona transcends the sum total of his or her performances Relationship between stars and culture public o Has a symbiotic relationship Stars are bigger than the public but public chooses stars and can break them They choose them because it is a response to social needs Stars function as a social barometer Stars and the studio system o The studio system had a vested interest in constructing and exploiting stars o They controlled stars contract system and their image and used them to sell B rate movies block booking o Stars also saved the studios during the Depression and began to realize their power over studios The United artist End of the star system o Star system still in place but films like Harry Potter Jurassic Park LOTR etc are taking over with fans o Fans can ruin a star as fast as they make them 3
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