West and WorldExam 1 Study GuideNotes to Review:- Columbus and the Historians (know authors): p. 2 – 3- Iberian Expansion from 1400 to 1500 including encounters in the Indian Ocean States and the Americas: p. 3 – 5- Protestant Reformation in Europe and England: My Handout: Transformations in Europe- Religious wars: My Handout: Transformations in Europe - Counter Reformation:- Scientific Revolution: p. 7- French in the New World: p. 7 – 10 - Plantations in the West Indies: p. 12 – 14 - The Ottoman Empire: p. 14 – 16 and Handout- The Russian Empire: p. 17- Articles (Annual Edition):o 10 – The Luther Legacyo 17 – In God’s Placeo 3 – The Peopling of Canadao 20 – Slavery and the Britisho 5 – The Ottomans in Europe o 12 – The Return of Catherine the Greato 4 – The Real First World War and the Making of AmericaTerms:- Mercantilism – European government policies of the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries designed to promote overseas trade between a country and its colonies and to accumulate precious metals by requiring colonies to trade only with their motherland country. The British system was defined by the Navigation Acts, the French system by laws known as the Exclusif.- Joint-Stock Company – A business, often backed by a government charter, that sold shares to individuals to raise money for its trading enterprises and to spread the risks (and profits) among many investors (How the English colonized the new world)- Bourgeoisie – In early modern Europe, the class of well-off town dwellers whose wealth came from manufacturing, finance, commerce, and allied professions- Huguenots – French Calvinists, many killed during St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre 1572Dates to Know:- 1519 - Protestant Reformation Started- 1500’s - Century in which Spain colonized the New World- 1640’s - Decade of the English Civil War- 1607 - Year the English established their first permanent colony in North America- 1619 - House of Burgesses was establishedEssay 1- Frencho Government taken away from people, moved to Versailleso Nobles became “lap dogs”o 1650’s rebelliono Louie XIV ignores the estates general (tax at will)- Englisho Kings started ruling under absolute monarch – rejected by people (Magna Carta – limits kings power)o Parliament taxed colonies without consent to pay off debtso Charles I and James II both removed from the thrown (sets a president) o Bill of rightso John Locke – theory of governmentEssay 2- Spanisho Conquest, control, conversiono Picked who got to come over (mainly army)o Government paid for the soldiers to comeo Interested in natural resources- Englisho Sent over families (whoever could come)o Tried to populate the colonieso Private Enterprises paid for the journey overo Wanted to expand their land territory, also for