Slide 1FOCUS QUESTIONSNationalismSlide 4Slide 5Nationalism on the RiseSlide 7Slide 8Slide 9Slide 10Slide 11Slide 12Slide 13Slide 14Language Groups of Austria-HungaryThe Decline of the Ottoman EmpireSlide 17Slide 18Nationalism and RealismFOCUS QUESTIONSFOCUS QUESTIONSWhat actions did Cavour and Bismarck What actions did Cavour and Bismarck take to bring about unification in Italy take to bring about unification in Italy and Germany, respectively, and what and Germany, respectively, and what role did war play in their efforts?role did war play in their efforts?What was the relationship between What was the relationship between nationalism and reform between 1850 nationalism and reform between 1850 and 1871?and 1871?NationalismNationalismNationalism can be defined as a state Nationalism can be defined as a state of mind rising out of an awareness of of mind rising out of an awareness of being part of a community that has being part of a community that has common institutions, traditions, common institutions, traditions, language, and customs.language, and customs.The community is “the nation” which The community is “the nation” which commands the primary political commands the primary political loyalty of individuals. Thus loyalty to loyalty of individuals. Thus loyalty to “the nation” rather than dynasty.“the nation” rather than dynasty.NationalismNationalismInspires the study of national language, Inspires the study of national language, history, literature, art, and folklore to history, literature, art, and folklore to understand the spirit of the nation.understand the spirit of the nation.Nationality and Political Unity in Nationality and Political Unity in CommonCommon–Cultural Nationalism evolves into Political Cultural Nationalism evolves into Political NationalismNationalismRomanticism as InfluenceRomanticism as InfluenceNationalism on the RiseNationalism on the RiseFrom Ideal to Power Politics—From Ideal to Power Politics—RealpolitikRealpolitikItalyItalyGermanyGermanyAustria-HungaryAustria-HungaryOttoman EmpireOttoman EmpireUnited StatesUnited StatesRealpolitikPolitics based on practical objectives rather than on ideals. The word does not mean “real” in the English sense but rather connotes “things”-hence a politics of adaptation to things as they are. Realpolitik thus suggests a pragmatic, no-nonsense view and a disregard for ethical considerations. In diplomacy it is often associated with relentless, though realistic, pursuit of the national interest.Nationalism on the RiseNationalism on the Rise From Ideal to Power Politics—From Ideal to Power Politics—RealpolitikRealpolitikItalianUnification1859-1924Count Camillo di Cavour1810-1861 The Case for The Case for ItalyItaly• Count Cavour, Count Cavour, Piedmont-Sardinia,and the Piedmont-Sardinia,and the RisorgimentoRisorgimento• Victor Emmanuel II Victor Emmanuel II (1849-1878)(1849-1878)• Alliance with France and Alliance with France and War with AustriaWar with Austria• Giuseppi GaribaldiGiuseppi GaribaldiNew Kingdom of Italy – New Kingdom of Italy – 1861 under Victor 1861 under Victor Emmanuel IIEmmanuel IIItalianUnificationNationalism on the RiseNationalism on the RiseThe Case for GermanyThe Case for Germany–Prussia & AustriaPrussia & AustriaZollverein Zollverein customs unioncustoms unionKing William I (1861-1888)King William I (1861-1888)Otto von BismarckOtto von Bismarck–Danish War of 1864Danish War of 1864–Austro-Prussian War of 1866 (Austrian Defeat at Austro-Prussian War of 1866 (Austrian Defeat at Sadowa)Sadowa)–Franco-Prussian War 1870-71 (French Defeat at Sedan)Franco-Prussian War 1870-71 (French Defeat at Sedan)–Declaration of German Second Empire at Versailles, Declaration of German Second Empire at Versailles, 18711871Success of Nationalism and AuthoritarianismSuccess of Nationalism and AuthoritarianismOtto von Bismarck1815-1898Nationalism on the RiseNationalism on the RiseWilhelm I crowned German Emperor in the Hall of Mirrors in Versailles, France.German UnificationLanguage Groups of Austria-Language Groups of Austria-HungaryHungary663663The Decline of the Ottoman The Decline of the Ottoman EmpireEmpireAbraham Lincoln1809-1865 Jefferson