SLHS 261 Miller Lecture 11Outline of Last Lecture I. Exam 3 Outline of Current Lecture II. Laryngeal UnitA. Neural Controli. Vagus Nerve :a. Recurrent laryngeal nerve (motor) all muscles except cricothyroid b. Superior Laryngeal nerve- External branch and internal branch ii. If you cough on a particle, the RLN is sending sensory info to CNS telling you to cough. The RLN is very long and wraps around the common carotid artery near the heart so if you nick it during heart surgery, it can cause vocal fold paralysis. III. PharynxA. throat: tube of tendon and muscle that stretches across three cavities shown herB. Oropharynx: Velum (soft palate and ovula), A- Palatoglossus (anterior) and P-Palatopharyngeal(posterior), tonsils (palatine)- trap germs; enlarged by colds and viruses C. Velum Muscles: Palatal Levator, Glossopalatine, Pharyngopalatine, Uvuls, and Palatal tensor (not a main muscle- not responsible for knowing it’s function) i. Palatal Levator- forms much of the velum, draws the velum up and back towards posterior pharynx, starts in the temporal bone and inserts into the side of the velum, spreads out to join palatal levator fibers from the other side ii. Only Intrinsic Muscle of Velum: Uvulus- above the sling formed by the palatal levator (mostly in soft palate, not uvula), Runs lengthwise through velum (very few fibers actually enter the uvula), shortens the velum, increases its thickness and lifts the velum iii. Glossopalatine (palatoglossus) – muscle of tongue and palate, makes up anterior faucial pillar, pulls down and forward on velum (with tongue fixed)iv. Pharyngopalatine (palatopharyngeus)- muscle of pharynx and palate, makes up posterior faucial pillar, pulls downward and backward on velum (with pharynx fixed) D. When a physician looking asks you to say “Ahhhhhh”, it is to see that the soft palate and velum are working properly and that the muscles are working properly and that nothing is blocking your airway. The secondary reason is to see if anything is irritated. E. Pharyngeal Muscles: know the location of the pharyngeal musclesF. Bones: i. Maxilla (paired)- palatine process (projects) off maxilla forms anterior ¾ of These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.hard palate; palatine process of maxilla forms anterior floor of the nasal cavities; also forms posterior ¼ of the hard palate and the nasal cavitiesii. Sphenoid Bone: forms back wall of nasal cavities, Behind ethmoid bone and in front of foramen magnum, two muscles attach to the lateral pterygoid plate- internal and external pterygoidiii. Ethmoid bone (single): Forms upper side walls of the nasal cavitiesiv. Vomer bone (single): forms lower part of bony medial wall of nasal cavities, articulates with maxillary and palatine bones, articulates in front with cartilaginous nasal septumG. Nasal Bonesi. forms bridge of outer nose (paired) ii. Two nasal cavities- separated from each other by a septum that is cartilage at the front and bone at the back (ethmoid and vomer); the floor is the hard palate iii. Lateral walls are convoluted and made up of conchae (plural for concha with a large surface area rich with blood supply; also called turbinates) – long, narrow, curled bones; the superior and middle conchae are part of the ethmoid bone, superior conchae protect olfactory bulb; the inferior conchae are individual bones that articulate with the maxilla and do filtering and humidifying iv. Be familiar with parts of the outer nose v. Muscles of outer nose- know the velopharynx and the glossopharyngeal and vagus and trigeminal and facial vi. Vagus nerve (CN X) branchesCurrent