Bio 1150 1st EditionExam # 6 Study GuideComprehensive Questions*The first test will be about the last six lectures and will cover the information below and will be worth 100 points. The comprehensive questions will be worth 50 points and will cover information from the entire semester. To study for the comprehensive questions review the six test study guides. Do not study each chapter in depth because the comprehensive questions are meant to cover broad topics and have students apply these topics to answer the questions.Exam #6Global Influences on Ecological Patterns- Know the levels of ecology and what each pertains to- Understand what biosphere means - Understand what an ecosystem and ecosystem ecology is- Know how climate effects an ecosystem - Be able to differentiate between micro and macroclimate- Understand global climate patterns and the effects on an ecosystem- Understand what causes the variation in sunlight intensity- Be able to identify trade winds, westerlies and Noreasters- Know the global circulation and precipitation patterns- Understand seasonality and its effects on climate- Understand the major currents and how bodies of water effect climate- Know how microclimate is determinedDemographics and Population Growtho Know that density, dispersion and demographics influence populationo Understand the difference between population density and dispersiono Be able to understand how the mark recapture method is used to calculate population sizeo Know what immigration and emigration iso Know the four main dispersion typeso Know what is in a life table and how it is of use in demographyo Know when an exponential model is used to express population growth and the equation for ito Understand what per capita rate means and how it is calculatedo Know the population growth rate equation and what each variable meanso Understand the concept of instantaneous growth rateo Understand the logistic model for population growth and why it is more practicalLife Histories and Population Regulation- Understand what is considered a life history trait- Understand the difference between semelparity and iteroparity- Know what trade-offs are- Know the factors that regulate population growth such as:o Resource competitiono Toxic wasteso Predationo Intrinsic factorso Territorialityo Disease - Understand population dynamics- Revisit the hypotheses about the hare ten year interval and realize why hypothesis number two is right- Know how human population is increasing- Know what limits human populationSpecies Interactions- Be able to differentiate between interspecific interactions and competition- Know what happens to displaced species- Know the difference between sympatric and allopatric species- Be able to identify herbivory, predation and parasitism- Understand herbivore and plant defense- Be aware of the adaptations that prey and predators have developed- Know the three kinds of mimicry- Understand the different types of parasitism- Know obligate and facultative symbiosis- Understand commensalism and facilitation- Understand how a species richness and abundance effects diversity- Know why diverse communities are desirable- Be aware of the factors that influence diversityInfluences on Community Structure- Understand what an interaction network represents- Understand the role of a dominant species, ecosystem engineers and keystone species- Be able to describe the top down and bottom up models- Know what disturbance is and how it effects an ecosystem at different levels- Understand ecological, primary and secondary succession- Understand how early and late arriving species may be related- Be aware of how latitude effects species richness and why this isEcosystems- Know the aspects of ecosystems- Understand the first/second law of thermodynamics and the law of conservation of mass- Be aware of how energy and mass differ at different trophic levels- Understand the differences between autotrophs, herbivores and carnivores- Know how energy levels effect an ecosystem- Understand both gross primary production and net ecosystem production- Be aware of how nutrients limit water ecosystems- Know how temperature and moisture limit terrestrial ecosystems- Understand the adaptations developed to cope with limitations- Understand energy efficiency between trophic levels- Understand biogeochemical cycles- Know the four factors ecologists focus on- Be able to identify the major parts of the phosphorus cycle- Know the factors that control decomposition
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